OTSLPSurveyAutism : the international journal of research and practice2022

A survey of autistic adults, relatives and clinical teams in the United Kingdom: And Delphi process consensus statements on optimal autism diagnostic assessment for adults.

Sarah Wigham, Barry Ingham, Ann Le Couteur and 3 others

PMID 35168407

WHAT IT FOUND

Autistic adults and relatives reported mixed UK diagnostic experiences.

Many had referral help, but 65.3% waited over 12 weeks; some sensory or information needs were unmet. Clinicians agreed on 11 statements for adult autism assessment services, expert recommendations, not tested interventions.

Key findings

01281 adults reported help with referral, 204 from a GP, but 224 waited more than 12 weeks and 91 reported problems getting an assessment.

02273 adults said the assessment was age-appropriate and 277 said it was gender-appropriate; 322 received feedback, but 59 were unhappy with sensory consideration and 79 with pre-assessment information.

03Delphi round 1 achieved agreement on 8 of 13 statements, round 2 on 3 of 5 modified statements, and a workshop added agreement on structured autism diagnostic interviews, but no consensus was reached on accepting self-referrals.

STILL TO COME

How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for OTsWhat it means for SLPs

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What it does not show

The survey was voluntary, and responders were older and more likely to report anxiety or depression than non-responders, so the adult sample may not represent all autistic adults seeking assessment. Only 45 relatives and 35 clinicians completed the first survey, so family and service-side views are less well represented than adult views. The Delphi process used only two rounds, was completed by 27 clinicians in round 1 and 29 in round 2, and did not include autistic adults or relatives in that stage. About 90% of participants self-reported as White British, and people with intellectual disability were under-represented, so findings may not fit these groups. Open-text responses and post-diagnosis support were reported elsewhere, so this article does not present the full survey findings. The study describes experiences and clinician consensus; it does not test whether the agreed service statements improve waiting times, diagnostic accuracy, satisfaction, or patient outcomes.

Declared interests

The authors declared no conflicts of interest. The study was funded by Autistica, a UK autism research charity, and sponsored by Cumbria, Northumberland Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, which provided funding through Research Capability Funding.

The easy way to misread this

Do not read the 11 consensus statements as evidence that these service changes improve adult autism diagnosis. They are expert recommendations from a survey and Delphi process, and the study did not test their effect on waiting times, diagnostic accuracy, satisfaction, or patient outcomes.

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