SLPOtherJournal of deaf studies and deaf education2026

A first description of Auslan handshapes used by young children.

Erin West, Shani Dettman

PMID 41251499

WHAT IT FOUND

In 44 Auslan learners aged 3 to 6, the B handshape was the most frequent, used in 24% of signs, unlike in ASL.

Overall accuracy was 90.5%, but the H handshape was the least accurate of frequent signs. Do not apply ASL norms to Auslan.

Key findings

01The Auslan B handshape was the most frequent, appearing in 24% of 3,849 handshape tokens, a pattern not seen in prior ASL studies.

02Children produced handshapes with 90.5% accuracy, which was higher than the 25% to 59% reported in previous ASL and BSL studies of younger children.

03The H handshape was frequent but the least accurate of the common handshapes, with only 74.17% accuracy.

STILL TO COME

How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for SLPs

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What it does not show

The study used a convenience sample from a single school, so results may not generalize to other Auslan dialects or educational settings. Children were not followed longitudinally from infancy, so this describes prevalence at a specific age range (3-6 years) rather than the order of acquisition. The HART tool was novel and only validated in this specific context; it relies on staff observation, which may have missed signs that were completely unintelligible. The sample size for rare handshapes was too small to draw conclusions about their accuracy or usage. Communication partner intelligibility was not measured; a sign with an incorrect handshape might still be understood in context, meaning the 'impact' scores are theoretical.

Declared interests

No conflicts of interest or funding sources are explicitly detailed in the provided text, though the study was approved by a university ethics board.

The easy way to misread this

Do not use these norms to assess infants or very young children. The participants were aged 3 to 6, and most had less than two years of Auslan exposure. The high accuracy rate found here reflects older learners with developed fine motor skills, not the typical performance of a toddler acquiring their first signs.

Summarised by AI from the full paper, without a clinician reviewing it. Check it against the source before it changes what you do. Read it on PubMed →