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Paediatrics research

Everything we have read on paediatrics. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

1,906 PAPERS · PAGE 7 OF 39 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTCohort2018An Exploration of the Impact of Initial Timing of Physical Therapy on Safety and Outcomes After Concussion in Adolescents.Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPTNo difference in symptom score change was found between adolescents who started physical therapy early, middle, or late after concussion. All groups improved, but with no untreated comparison group and several PT components used, the study cannot show PT caused recovery.
• PTSLPCohort2017Identification of mutations in the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signalling pathway in patients with macrocephaly and developmental delay and/or autism.Molecular autismTen of 21 children with macrocephaly and developmental delay or autism had PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway mutations. Children with a mutation had lower developmental quotient scores, and two mutations were mosaic and found at higher levels in mouth or saliva samples.
• PTNarrative Review2018Activity and Exercise Intolerance After Concussion: Identification and Management of Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome.Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPTConcussion patients with exercise intolerance may have postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), not just poor recovery. Screen with a 10-minute standing test and adjust heart rate targets. Standard return-to-play zones often exceed POTS tolerance, risking symptom exacerbation.
• PTOTSLPCohort2018Are the health needs of young people with cerebral palsy met during transition from child to adult health care?Child: care, health and developmentYoung people with cerebral palsy did not show a significant rise in unmet health needs through transition, though many already had unmet needs, especially speech, pain and bone or joint problems.
• PTOTOther2018The validity and reliability of the Test of Arm Selective Control for children with cerebral palsy: a prospective cross-sectional study.Developmental medicine and child neurologyThe TASC can rate selective arm control in children with cerebral palsy, and therapists scored it consistently. It took about 16 minutes, tracked hand function and arm involvement, and did not test treatment change.
• PTCohort2018Vestibular and oculomotor findings in neurologically-normal, non-concussed children.Brain injury24% of non-concussed children failed at least one balance and eye movement test item. The most common failures were symptoms during quick eye movement testing, often after 10 repetitions. A single failed item alone should not be treated as evidence of concussion.
• PTOTSLPCohort2018Prediction of Autism at 3 Years from Behavioural and Developmental Measures in High-Risk Infants: A Longitudinal Cross-Domain Classifier Analysis.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAt the second visit, daily living scores gave a modest signal for later autism in high-risk infants, but early measures did not predict individual outcome. The prediction model was much better at saying an infant would not develop autism than at identifying who would.
• PTOTSLPOther2018An International Clinical Study of Ability and Disability in Autism Spectrum Disorder Using the WHO-ICF Framework.Journal of autism and developmental disordersClinician ratings of 122 people with ASD using WHO function categories found frequent difficulties in complex social interaction, attention, stress, communication, and daily tasks. Family, family attitudes, and health-professional support were the most common environmental factors.
• PTOTSLPPilot2018Adapting and translating the Mullen Scales of Early Learning for the South African context.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir KommunikasieafwykingsAcross four language groups, the translated Mullen Scales produced similar total and subscale scores. Older children scored higher than younger children. This supports using the adapted scales with other assessment information, not alone.
• PTOTPilot2018Computer Assisted REhabilitation (CARE) Lab: A novel approach towards Pediatric Rehabilitation 2.0.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicinePreliminary results from six children with congenital hemiparesis showed higher upper-limb scores, greater shoulder movement, and parent-reported daily-task gains after computer-assisted sessions. The pilot was ongoing, so this does not prove the CARE Lab works.
• PTCohort2018Effect of combined rehabilitation program with botulinum toxin type A injections on gross motor function scores in children with spastic cerebral palsy.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn children with spastic cerebral palsy, adding two weeks of intensive physiotherapy after botulinum toxin type A, plaster casts and medical shoes was associated with greater gross motor function improvement than the same treatment without physiotherapy.
• PTOTSurvey2018Chronic pain prevalence and associated factors in adolescents with and without physical disabilities.Developmental medicine and child neurologyAdolescents with physical disabilities reported chronic pain more often than peers without disabilities. Pain was linked to depression, anxiety and insomnia, but having both disability and pain did not add extra risk.
• PTCase Series2018How does patellar tendon advancement alter the knee extensor mechanism in children treated for crouch gait?Gait & postureAfter distal femoral extension osteotomy plus patellar tendon advancement, and with other surgeries not excluded, 54 met the improved criteria. Patellar tendon moment arms rose 13%. Patellar tendon advancement alone cannot be credited.
• PTOther2018An ultrasonographic analysis of the activation patterns of abdominal muscles in children with spastic type cerebral palsy and in typically developing individuals: a comparative study.Archives of physiotherapyIn children with spastic type cerebral palsy, ultrasound showed oblique and transverse abdominis muscles thicker at rest than in typically developing children, but their thickness decreased during activity. Rectus abdominis increased like the typically developing group. This describes muscle activation, not a treatment effect.
• PTOther2017An electromyographic study of abdominal muscle activity in children with spastic cerebral palsy.The South African journal of physiotherapyIn 63 children with spastic cerebral palsy, oblique abdominal muscles showed more electrical activity at rest than in 82 typically developing peers. Rectus abdominis was similar, so oblique tone may need attention before strengthening.
• PTOTSLPCohort2017Early Therapy Services Following Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Discharge.Physical & occupational therapy in pediatricsMost preterm infants left the NICU with a therapy referral, but 13 of 57 never received therapy by age two. PT was used more often and started earlier on average than OT or SLP.
• PTOTOther2018The use of Xbox Kinect™ in a Paediatric Burns Unit.The South African journal of physiotherapyAdding Xbox Kinect sessions to standard physiotherapy for burned children improved enjoyment but did not significantly change discharge range of motion or home function compared to standard care alone. The intervention group showed better active movement recovery after discharge, but the study design prevents confirming the game caused this.
• PTSLPOther2018Prevalence of Co-occurring Medical and Behavioral Conditions/Symptoms Among 4- and 8-Year-Old Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Selected Areas of the United States in 2010.Journal of autism and developmental disordersNearly all children with autism had at least one documented co-occurring condition. Older children had more conditions, and several behavioral and developmental problems were more common in the older group than in the younger group.
• PTOTRCT2018Ergonomic behaviour of learners in a digitally driven school environment: Modification using an ergonomic intervention programme.The South African journal of physiotherapyA single 45-minute school session on posture, bag weight, and stretches, reinforced by stickers and web links, improved computer posture in adolescents over six months. The intervention group had no learners in the highest risk postural category at follow-up, unlike the control group.
• PTPilot2018Preliminary Use of the Physical and Neurological Examination of Subtle Signs for Detecting Subtle Motor Signs in Adolescents With Sport-Related Concussion.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationAdolescents with recent sport concussion performed worse on bedside subtle motor tests while symptomatic and after clinical recovery, compared with never-concussed athletes. The timed movement subscore remained poorer after recovery.
• PTOTRCT2018A novel sensor-based assessment of lower limb spasticity in children with cerebral palsy.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn children with cerebral palsy, a sensor-based Modified Tardieu assessment gave more consistent knee and ankle spasticity measurements than the conventional clinician-rated method. It also measured clonus duration, but it did not test treatment outcomes.
• PTOTOther2018Reference values of intrinsic muscle strength of the hand of adolescents and young adults.Journal of hand therapy : official journal of the American Society of Hand TherapistsIn adolescents and young adults, intrinsic hand muscle strength differed by sex and hand dominance, but age alone did not appear to influence strength.
• PTOther2018Analysis of sensory system aspects of postural stability during quiet standing in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdolescent girls with scoliosis showed larger changes in standing sway when eyes were closed, especially in ranges linked to inner-ear balance and body-position sense. This suggests greater reliance on those systems, not proof that balance training works.
• PTOTSLPCohort2018Relationship between the use of lower extremity orthoses and the developmental quotient of The Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development in children with Down syndrome.Journal of physical therapy scienceChildren with Down syndrome who used lower limb orthoses had significantly lower Postural-Motor developmental scores than those who did not. The study found an association, not that orthoses caused motor delays.
• PTOTRCT2018A robot-based gait training therapy for pediatric population with cerebral palsy: goal setting, proposal and preliminary clinical implementation.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationFour children with cerebral palsy completed a 16-session robot-assisted gait training program. Most showed improved walking speed, endurance, and strength. Without a control group, it is impossible to know if the robot or the concurrent conventional therapy caused these changes.
• PTOTSLPPilot2018Impact of sleep on executive functioning in school-age children with Down syndrome.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDRParents reporting restless sleep in children with Down syndrome also reported more trouble with impulse control, shifting, and working memory. Teachers noted impulse issues too. However, sleep problems did not predict actual performance on cognitive tests.
• PTRCT2018The impact of auditory rhythmic cueing on gross motor skills in children with autism.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 30 children with autism, a physical therapy program plus rhythmic auditory cueing showed better gross motor scores after 3 months than the same program without cueing. Both groups improved, so cueing was part of a broader therapy plan.
• PTOTSurvey2018Understanding activity participation among individuals with Wolfram Syndrome.The British journal of occupational therapyPeople with Wolfram syndrome reported a higher share of wanted or needed activities not done than comparison participants. Adults reported walking, balance and vision loss as more limiting than diabetes.
• PTRCT2018Effects of task-specific movement patterns during resistance exercise on the respiratory functions and thickness of abdominal muscles of children with cerebral palsy: randomized placebo-controlled double-blinded clinical trial.Journal of physical therapy scienceChildren with cerebral palsy who did task-specific movements wearing weighted vests improved breathing measures and abdominal muscle thickness more than children who did the same movements without added weight. Both groups also improved, and the study was small.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2018Everyday Activities for Children with Mitochondrial Disorder: A Retrospective Chart Review.Occupational therapy internationalChildren with mitochondrial disorders across all functioning levels engaged in the same nine activity categories, from self-care to leisure. The difference was not what they did, but how: varying levels of assistance, adaptive devices, and energy management were required for participation.
• PTQualitative2018Meaning and potential of interview data in depiction of life stories: interviews of three mothers caring for children with severe disabilities.Journal of physical therapy scienceMothers of children with severe disabilities described moving from unhappiness and blaming others toward awareness and gratitude, with different final meanings.
• PTOTCase Report2018Effects of manual therapy with functional electrical stimulation on scoliosis curve in children with cerebral palsy.Journal of physical therapy scienceTwo non-ambulatory children with cerebral palsy received manual therapy and electrical stimulation for three months. Both showed reduced spinal curvature and higher caregiver-reported quality of life scores. This small number of cases cannot prove the treatment works.
• PTOTSLPCohort2018Executive function in school-aged children with cerebral palsy: Relationship with speech and language.Research in developmental disabilitiesChildren with cerebral palsy showed elevated executive function difficulties regardless of their speech and language abilities. Parents reported significantly higher problem behaviors than expected in typical children. Clinicians should screen for executive function issues in all patients, even those with strong communication skills.
• PTCase Report2018The effects of a home-based sensorimotor program on executive and motor functions in children with ADHD: a case series.Journal of physical therapy scienceTwo boys with ADHD improved on attention and motor tests after a 12-week home sensorimotor program. Because they also received weekly sensory integration and speech therapy, it is impossible to know if the home exercises caused the gains.
• PTOther2018Development and validation of a modified performance-oriented mobility assessment tool for assessing mobility in children with hypophosphatasia.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineThe modified POMA-G is a reliable and valid tool for assessing gait impairment in children with hypophosphatasia aged 5 to 15. It scores step length, symmetry, continuity, trunk sway, and stance from video, showing strong agreement between raters and correlation with functional measures.
• PTSystematic Review2018The efficacy of kinesiology taping for improving gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy: A systematic review.The South African journal of physiotherapyIn children with cerebral palsy, adding trunk kinesiology taping to physiotherapy improved sitting gross motor function in pooled trials, but standing results were inconsistent and the trials were small, unblinded and not concealed.
• PTOTCohort2018Skin breakdown of the feet in patients with spina bifida: Analysis of risk factors.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineMyelomeningocele diagnosis and higher neurologic lesion levels significantly increase the risk of foot skin breakdown in children with spina bifida. Ambulation status was not an independent risk factor, contradicting the hypothesis that walking causes these wounds.
• PTOTSurvey2019The role of perceived family social support and parental solicitous responses in adjustment to bothersome pain in young people with physical disabilities.Disability and rehabilitationIn young people with physical disabilities and pain, parental solicitous responses were associated with more pain interference and catastrophizing. General family support was associated with less pain interference. The protective effect of family support on catastrophizing depended on age.
• PTOTSLPCohort2018Risk Factors for Self-injurious Behavior in an Inpatient Psychiatric Sample of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Naturalistic Observation Study.Journal of autism and developmental disordersIn 302 psychiatric inpatients with autism, 67.5% had self-injury at home, but only 24.8% showed daily self-injury in the hospital. Lower cognitive ability and high parent-rated self-injury predicted hospital risk. Most children with home self-injury did not display it in the hospital.
• PTCohort2018Associations Between Muscle Synergies and Treatment Outcomes in Cerebral Palsy Are Robust Across Clinical Centers.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationIn children with cerebral palsy, a score from muscle signals before treatment was linked to better gait and walking speed after treatment across clinical centers. Higher scores pointed to better outcomes.
• PTOTPilot2018Preliminary findings of altered functional connectivity of the default mode network linked to functional outcomes one year after pediatric traumatic brain injury.Developmental neurorehabilitationOne year after mild to moderate brain injury, children showed altered brain network connections associated with poorer complex motor inhibition. Basic motor speed and simple inhibition were not related. This is preliminary evidence from 11 injured and 11 uninjured children.
• PTOTSLPOther2019The Gestalt of functioning in autism spectrum disorder: Results of the international conference to develop final consensus International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health core sets.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceExperts chose a list of autism functioning areas to assess: daily tasks, participation, environment and supports across ages. This is a framework, not evidence that a treatment works.
• PTOTOther2018Hand-Use-at-Home Questionnaire: validity and reliability in children with neonatal brachial plexus palsy or unilateral cerebral palsy.Clinical rehabilitationParents can use the Hand-Use-at-Home questionnaire to report how often a child with one weak arm spontaneously uses it at home. Scores were stable over two to four weeks and related to severity, but ability alone did not fully predict use.
• PTOTSLPCohort2018Participation in Daily Life: Influence on Quality of Life in Ambulatory Children with Cerebral Palsy.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitationHigher overall participation linked to better psychosocial and total quality of life in children with cerebral palsy. However, simply doing activities more often correlated with lower quality of life scores. Satisfaction with participation did not predict quality of life.
• PTOTCohort2018Two-Year Longitudinal Changes in Lower Limb Strength and Its Relation to Loss in Function in a Large Cohort of Patients With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationOver two years, strength normalized to body size declined in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, widening the gap with healthy peers. However, changes in leg strength only modestly predicted loss of walking ability. Plantar flexor strength was a better predictor of losing function than knee extensor strength.
• PTOTSLPCase Report2019Intrathecal baclofen in metachromatic leukodystrophy.Developmental medicine and child neurologyTen non-walking children with metachromatic leukodystrophy received intrathecal baclofen. Doses increased steadily over six months as the disease progressed. Families reported clear improvements in comfort and daily care, though no standardized outcome measures were used.
• PTRCT2019Short-burst interval treadmill training walking capacity and performance in cerebral palsy: a pilot study.Developmental neurorehabilitationAfter 20 short-burst treadmill sessions, 12 children with cerebral palsy walked faster and more in daily life, with gains partly kept at 6 weeks. No control group means the training effect is uncertain.
• PTOTCohort2018Brief Report: Postural Balance and Daily Living Skills in Children and Adolescents with Autism.Journal of autism and developmental disordersPostural balance predicted daily living skills only in children with ASD and IQs of 104 or lower. For those with IQs above 104, balance scores showed no relation to daily living performance, suggesting higher-IQ individuals may already use strategies to compensate for balance challenges.
• PTOTSLPOther2018State-Level Trends in the Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) from 2000 to 2012: A Reanalysis of Findings from the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Network.Journal of autism and developmental disordersASD prevalence varied widely by state from 2000 to 2012. State differences grew over time, with 2012 estimates ranging from 6.9 to 24.6 cases per 1000 8-year-olds. A national average can hide large state differences.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2018The development and testing of a module on child functioning for identifying children with disabilities on surveys. III: Field testing.Disability and health journalCaregiver reports on the Child Functioning Module can flag children with functional difficulties. Stricter severity thresholds, especially for behaviour and daily anxiety or depression, give more consistent estimates and fewer false positives than counting any difficulty.