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Paediatrics research

Everything we have read on paediatrics. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

1,906 PAPERS · PAGE 17 OF 39 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTSLPOther2021Critically Examining the Person-Environment Relationship and Implications of Intersectionality for Participation in Children's Rehabilitation Services.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesThis perspective argues that clinicians should look at a child's whole identity and environment together, not just single traits like age or ethnicity. This helps spot hidden barriers to therapy participation. It suggests using family-centered care to co-create solutions and advocate for system changes.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2022Parental engagement in early intervention for infants with cerebral palsy-A realist synthesis.Child: care, health and developmentWeekly face-to-face coaching and accessible home materials help parents stick with infant therapy. However, home programmes do not consistently improve infant motor skills, and parents often find the process stressful despite high adherence.
• PTOTSLPCase-Control2022Symptoms of Pediatric Feeding Disorders Among Individuals with 3q29 Deletion Syndrome: A Case-Control Study.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPChildren with 3q29 deletion syndrome report far more feeding problems than typically developing peers. Clinicians should screen for selective eating, refusal behaviors, and growth issues, as these symptoms persist across ages and are worse in those with global developmental delays.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Caregiver strain among North American parents of children from the Autism Treatment Network Registry Call-Back Study.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceCaregiver strain did not significantly decrease on average over two years, despite the authors' hypothesis. However, strain fluctuated for most families: it increased for nearly half and decreased for nearly half. Strain was lower when children's adaptive skills improved or behavior problems decreased.
• PTOTSLPOther2021Exploring sensory phenotypes in autism spectrum disorder.Molecular autismParent reports grouped autistic participants into five sensory patterns. The broad sensory difference group had lower daily living and social scores, while the most typical group had higher scores. IQ and sex did not differ across the groups.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2021Canadian Resources for Siblings of Youth With Chronic Health Conditions to Inform and Support With Healthcare Management: A Qualitative Document Analysis.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesMost online resources for siblings of youth with chronic conditions offer general information, not practical healthcare management guidance. Siblings described learning care skills through trial and error, highlighting a critical gap in resources that support their role in navigating healthcare transitions and future planning.
• PTOTSLPOther2022The use of Multi-Sensory Environments with autistic children: Exploring the effect of having control of sensory changes.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceAutistic children showed fewer repetitive movements and better attention when they controlled sensory equipment versus when it changed automatically. However, anxiety, social interaction, positive affect and arousal did not differ between the two conditions.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Neurodevelopmental profile of HIVEP2-related disorder.Developmental medicine and child neurologyChildren with HIVEP2-related disorder had mild adaptive impairment on average, severe social behavior problems even without autism, and clinically significant emotional and behavioral difficulties.
• PTOTCase-Control2021Characterizing Cycling Smoothness and Rhythm in Children With and Without Cerebral Palsy.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesChildren with cerebral palsy cycled with significantly less smoothness and rhythm than typically developing peers. New measures can quantify these movement quality deficits, helping therapists identify compensatory patterns and target specific motor control issues during recumbent cycling training.
• PTCohort2022Evaluation of submaximal endurance in young children living with HIV.The South African journal of physiotherapyChildren living with HIV who started treatment early walked similar distances to uninfected peers on a six-minute test. However, boys with HIV had higher heart rates at rest and after exercise. Girls with HIV walked shorter distances if they were stunted or started treatment late.
• PTOTSLPOther2022Executive functions and adaptive behaviour in individuals with Down syndrome.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDRParents reported that children with Down syndrome struggle most with working memory, not emotional control. In school-age children, these executive function difficulties were strongly linked to poorer daily living and social skills, suggesting therapy should target these cognitive processes directly.
• PTCase Report2022Daily Outpatient Physical Therapy for a Toddler With a Neurodegenerative Disease: A Case Report.Pediatric physical therapy : the official publication of the Section on Pediatrics of the American Physical Therapy AssociationA toddler with a rare neurodegenerative disease improved in motor skills after daily two-hour physical therapy. The child attended 17 of 20 sessions and showed gains in gross and fine motor function, as well as untargeted areas like cognition, suggesting high-dose care may be feasible.
• PTOTSLPOther2021Evaluating a Therapeutic Powered Mobility Camp for Children with Severe Cerebral Palsy.Canadian journal of occupational therapy. Revue canadienne d'ergotherapieChildren with severe cerebral palsy improved powered mobility skills after a three-week camp, with gains maintained at follow-up. Participants achieved personal functional goals, such as driving to friends or moving around the school, and reported enjoying driving independently.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2022ICF Core Sets for the assessment of functioning of adults with cerebral palsy.Developmental medicine and child neurologyExperts created a checklist of 33 essential categories to assess functioning in adults with cerebral palsy. This brief set highlights mobility, self-care, pain, and environmental factors like support services, aiming to standardise care for this growing population.
• PTOTQualitative2021The Experience of Locomotor Training From the Perspectives of Therapists and Parents of Children With Cerebral Palsy.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesParents and therapists described 6 weeks of intensive locomotor training as manageable and meaningful. Families valued the short duration and peer support. Reported improvements extended beyond walking to include better sleep, mood, and respiratory function, which were key motivators for participation.
• PTOther2021Using a Co-design Approach to Create Tools to Facilitate Physical Activity in Children With Physical Disabilities.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesStakeholders shaped themes for supporting physical activity in children with disabilities: self-efficacy, autonomy, possibilities, individual needs, collaboration, environment and meaningful goals. Eleven prototypes were created, but their effect was not tested.
• PTOTSLPRCT2021Early visual training and environmental adaptation for infants with visual impairment.Developmental medicine and child neurologyInfants with visual impairment who received intensive visual training improved in eye control and hand-eye coordination compared to those who received only routine care. Both groups improved in visual acuity. The training required at least three sessions per week for six months.
• PTOTSLPOther2021An Inclusive Early Childhood Intervention Program for Children With Disabilities: Possible Effects on Children and Nursery Teachers.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesChildren with disabilities in inclusive nursery schools showed improved development and fewer emotional and peer problems after teachers used a structured behavioral support program for six months. Teachers reported higher confidence and lower state anxiety. No control group was used, so natural maturation cannot be ruled out.
• PTOTCase Report2021Case Report: Perspective of a Caregiver on Functional Outcomes Following Bilateral Lateral Pectoral Nerve Cryoneurotomy to Treat Spasticity in a Pediatric Patient With Cerebral Palsy.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesIn one non-verbal teenager with severe cerebral palsy, freezing the nerves to the chest muscles improved shoulder movement and made dressing, bathing, and wheelchair transfers easier for his caregiver.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Sex differences in age of diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder: Preliminary evidence from Uganda.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchIn Ugandan clinics, girls were diagnosed with autism at an average of 7.75 years, compared to 6.60 years for boys. This delay suggests clinicians should screen girls more aggressively for social communication differences, as cultural expectations may mask their symptoms.
• PTCohort2022Balance performance analysis after the COVID-19 quarantine in children aged between 8 and 12 years old: Longitudinal study.Gait & postureBalance worsened in 150 children after COVID-19 quarantine, measured as larger sway area. Sport type and foot type did not explain the change. Children with intensive or moderate activity before quarantine showed worse balance afterwards.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022A novel magnetic resonance imaging-based scoring system to predict outcome in neonates born preterm with intraventricular haemorrhage.Developmental medicine and child neurologyA new MRI scoring system predicted cognitive and motor outcomes better than standard ultrasound grading in preterm infants with brain bleeds. Higher MRI scores and lower gestational age independently signaled worse development, offering clinicians a more precise tool for prognosis.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2022Risk and protective factors of quality of life for children with autism spectrum disorder and their families during the COVID-19 lockdown. An Italian study.Research in developmental disabilitiesChildren with ASD who played at a table with parents or did physical activity had better quality of life. Worsening overall autism symptoms lowered quality of life for both children and parents. Telehealth showed a non-significant trend toward protecting children's quality of life.
• PTOTSLPOther2022Odour detection in children and young people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARIDChildren and young people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities behaved differently to odours than to the odourless solvent: they aligned their head to the stick, sniffed, moved toward it, and rejected it more often.
• PTPilot2022PedBotHome: A Video Game-Based Robotic Ankle Device Created for Home Exercise in Children With Neurological Impairments.Pediatric physical therapy : the official publication of the Section on Pediatrics of the American Physical Therapy AssociationHalf the children met the goal of using this home ankle robot for 20 of 28 days. Technical faults stopped the others. Some children showed improved strength and reduced spasticity, but hardware broke often. This device is feasible for home use, but not yet proven effective.
• PTProtocol2022Study Protocol: Multimodal Longitudinal Assessment of Infant Brain Organization and Recovery in Perinatal Brain Injury.Pediatric physical therapy : the official publication of the Section on Pediatrics of the American Physical Therapy AssociationNo results are reported. This paper outlines the methods for a future study assessing brain connectivity and motor outcomes in infants with perinatal brain injury using MRI, TMS, and standardized developmental tests. It describes what the researchers plan to do, not what they found.
• PTOTSLPOther2022Feasibility and Reliability of a Novel Game-Based Test of Neurological Function in Youth: The Equilibrium Test Battery.International journal of sports physical therapyAdolescents completed this game-based neurological test independently, but scores varied widely between days. Reliability was poor to moderate, meaning single scores are not stable enough for clinical decisions. Practice effects were prominent early on.
• PTOTSLPCase Report2022High-Risk Preterm Infant Born to a Mother With COVID-19: A Case Report.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesA preterm infant born to a mother with COVID-19 tested negative after birth and had age-appropriate motor skills, but language and self-care lagged. This describes one child's course, not evidence that any intervention worked.
• PTPilot2022Side Effects and Patient Tolerance with the Use of Blood Flow Restriction Training after ACL Reconstruction in Adolescents: A Pilot Study.International journal of sports physical therapyBlood flow restriction training was well tolerated by adolescents after ACL reconstruction. Across 535 sessions, no major adverse events like blood clots or fainting occurred. Minor side effects like itching were rare, suggesting the technique is safe for this age group.
• PTOTSLPOther2022Adaptation and validation of two autism-related measures of skills and quality of life in Ethiopia.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceThe Amharic versions of the ATEC and PedsQL Family Impact Module reliably distinguish children with neurodevelopmental disorders from those with physical health conditions. They are suitable for monitoring change in low-resource settings, though they do not yet track clinical severity.
• PTCase Report2022Reduction of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis and Improved Z-Axis Alignment of the Entire Spine When Treating a Symptomatic Patient Using a Multidisciplinary Approach: A Case Report.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesA 15-year-old girl with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and low back pain reported total pain relief and a 10-degree reduction in spinal curvature after 50 sessions of a combined approach. The authors could not determine which specific component caused the improvement.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Posture Matters: Object Manipulation During the Transition to Arms-Free Sitting in Infants at Elevated vs. Typical Likelihood for Autism Spectrum Disorder.Physical & occupational therapy in pediatricsInfants at elevated likelihood for autism spent significantly less time grasping toys when sitting independently compared to supported sitting. This postural demand reduced their total object manipulation time, potentially limiting early learning opportunities.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Co-occurring medical and behavioural conditions in children with Down syndrome with or without ADHD symptom presentation.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDRChildren with Down syndrome and ADHD symptoms have significantly more sleep problems, disruptive behaviour, allergies, and seizures than those without. Parents report widespread executive function difficulties, but teachers see these challenges in all children with Down syndrome, not just those with ADHD.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Comparative Efficacy of Botulinum Toxin in Salivary Glands vs. Oromotor Therapy in the Management of Sialorrhea in Cerebral Palsy Impact on Sleep Quality.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesAdding botulinum toxin to oromotor therapy improved sleep and swallowing more than therapy alone in children with cerebral palsy. The toxin group saw greater reductions in sleep breathing disorders and difficulty falling asleep.
• PTOTPilot2022Robotic Rehabilitation and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Children With Bilateral Cerebral Palsy.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesFive children with bilateral cerebral palsy completed 10 days of robotic arm training plus transcranial direct current stimulation. It was feasible and tolerated, but the study did not test whether arm function improved. Three children stopped, and training time fell as sessions continued.
• PTOTCohort2022Sufficient sleep duration in autistic children and the role of physical activity.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceMore physical activity linked to better sleep in autistic kids, but the benefit weakened as severity rose. The link held for mild autism but disappeared in severe autism, intellectual disability, girls, and younger children.
• PTPilot2022Impact of Gensingen brace treatment on Lenke 5 curvatures and chronic low back pain in late adolescent and adult scoliosis patients.The South African journal of physiotherapyIn 26 late adolescents with lumbar scoliosis, wearing a Gensingen brace for six months reduced the spinal curve by 23% and eliminated reported low back pain in all symptomatic patients. However, patients also received Schroth exercises, so the brace's specific contribution cannot be isolated.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Identifying critical behaviours for building engagement in telepractice early intervention: An international e-Delphi study.International journal of language & communication disordersExperts identified 64 specific behaviours for building engagement in telepractice early intervention. Key actions include taking the lead on rapport, using the family's home resources, adjusting for lighting and sound, and explicitly coaching parents to co-deliver therapy rather than just observing.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Assessment of Manual Abilities Using the Box and Block Test in Children with Bilateral Cerebral Palsy.Occupational therapy internationalIn children with bilateral cerebral palsy, Box and Block Test scores strongly predicted daily living performance. Scores of 28 to 40 blocks indicated a high probability of managing independent wiping. Low scores suggest looking for environmental barriers or cognitive factors rather than just motor limits.
• PTOTQualitative2022Decision-making experiences of health professionals in withdrawing treatment for children and young people: A qualitative study.Child: care, health and developmentHealth professionals described withdrawal decisions as slow, consensus-based processes requiring early palliative care input and full MDT attendance. Nurses and non-clinical staff acted as bridges to families, while consultants focused on biomedical facts. Support for fathers and staff well-being were identified as critical gaps.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2022Play-based groups for children with cerebral palsy and their parents: A qualitative interview study about the impact on mothers' well-being.Child: care, health and developmentMothers of children with cerebral palsy valued play-based groups for practical help with therapy and education plans, and for connecting with others in similar situations. Some struggled to open up due to language barriers or guilt, showing the need for sensitive facilitation.
• PTOTQualitative2022Adolescents with congenital limb reduction deficiency: Perceptions of treatment during childhood and its meaning for their current and future situation.Child: care, health and developmentTen adolescents with congenital limb reduction deficiency described early surgery, prostheses, devices, training and counselling as creating options, though some later stopped using devices. They felt both confident and uncertain about work and adult care.
• PTOTSLPOther2022Sensory features in autism: Findings from a large population-based surveillance system.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchSensory features were documented in 74% of 25,627 autistic children. These features co-occurred with motor, attention, sleep, and eating challenges, but not with cognitive scores. Documentation was lower for girls, Black children, and Hispanic children, suggesting missed cases rather than true absence.
• PTQualitative2022Understanding Acceptability, Barriers, and Facilitators to Clinical Implementation of the on Track Developmental Monitoring System for Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Qualitative Study.Physical & occupational therapy in pediatricsClinicians valued comparing children with cerebral palsy with peers at the same gross motor level, not typical development. They wanted more hands-on training, digital scoring, and help with time, reimbursement, and policy barriers.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Association between atopic diseases and neurodevelopmental disabilities in a longitudinal birth cohort.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchChildren with ADHD or other neurodevelopmental disabilities were significantly more likely to have asthma, eczema, or allergic rhinitis. Autism showed no such link. Therapists should watch for these common allergies in patients with ADHD or developmental delays, as they may worsen symptoms.
• PTSLPCohort2022Evolution of bulbar function in spinal muscular atrophy type 1 treated with nusinersen.Developmental medicine and child neurologyIn 24 children with SMA type 1 treated with nusinersen, swallowing and feeding worsened over 24 months: more needed tube feeding, while motor scores improved. Bulbar care must stay active even when movement improves.
• PTOTSLPPilot2022Benefits of an Intensive Individual CO-OP Intervention in a Group Setting for Children with DCD.Occupational therapy internationalChildren with DCD improved on goals trained during a five-day intensive CO-OP camp, with gains held at three-month follow-up. Transfer to goals coached at home afterwards was less consistent, with parents reporting improvements that children and independent ratings did not always confirm.
• PTOTSurvey2022Characterizing Pain Among Adolescents and Young Adults With Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita.Pediatric physical therapy : the official publication of the Section on Pediatrics of the American Physical Therapy AssociationPain is common in adolescents and adults with arthrogryposis. Higher pain scores and more painful body regions were associated with reduced functional mobility. A 7-day average pain rating is more reliable for tracking change than a single current pain score.
• PTOTCohort2022Object Permanence and the Relationship to Sitting Development in Infants With Motor Delays.Pediatric physical therapy : the official publication of the Section on Pediatrics of the American Physical Therapy AssociationInfants with motor delays showed delayed object permanence, matching typical peers in skill but occurring about 5 months later. Object permanence improved as sitting skills developed, with strong correlations between the two. The new Object Permanence Scale reliably tracked this progression using simple toys.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Long-term neurodevelopmental outcome of neonates born at term with perinatal haemorrhagic stroke: A population-based study.Developmental medicine and child neurologyMost infants with perinatal haemorrhagic stroke had lasting neurodevelopmental issues. Parietal lobe involvement strongly predicted cerebral palsy and cognitive deficits. Frontal lobe strokes showed no motor or basic cognitive impairment, suggesting better outcomes for that group.