TOPIC

Orthopaedic research

Everything we have read on orthopaedic. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

2,015 PAPERS · PAGE 20 OF 41 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTCase Report2022Reduction of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis and Improved Z-Axis Alignment of the Entire Spine When Treating a Symptomatic Patient Using a Multidisciplinary Approach: A Case Report.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesA 15-year-old girl with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and low back pain reported total pain relief and a 10-degree reduction in spinal curvature after 50 sessions of a combined approach. The authors could not determine which specific component caused the improvement.
• PTOTOther2022Responding to stakeholder needs to engage rehabilitation professionals in the delivery of evidence-based health programming for adults with osteoarthritis.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesIn a physical therapy program, students coaching free self-directed walking sessions reported communication and professional growth. 62 adults with osteoarthritis completed six weeks; 23 withdrew. Participants said coaching kept them interested and the program motivated them to become more active.
• PTSurvey2022Co-creation of an exercise inventory to improve scapular stabilization and control among individuals with rotator cuff-related shoulder pain: a survey-based study amongst physiotherapists.Archives of physiotherapySixteen physiotherapists agreed on thirteen scapular stabilization exercises for shoulder pain. Most targets serratus anterior and lower trapezius. Exercises are mainly standing or sitting at low arm elevation. This reflects clinical preference, not proven efficacy.
• PTOTCohort2022Balance factors affecting the quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis.The South African journal of physiotherapyIn patients with knee osteoarthritis, greater body sway while standing was linked to lower quality of life scores in both physical and mental health. Other balance measures like reaction time did not correlate with quality of life. This suggests sway is a key marker for patient wellbeing.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2022Musculoskeletal discomfort in veterinary healthcare professions.Work (Reading, Mass.)Every surveyed veterinarian and technician reported musculoskeletal discomfort in the past year. Observations confirmed high-risk postures like bending and kneeling, but adjustable tables and stools significantly lowered these ergonomic risks.
• PTPilot2022Impact of Gensingen brace treatment on Lenke 5 curvatures and chronic low back pain in late adolescent and adult scoliosis patients.The South African journal of physiotherapyIn 26 late adolescents with lumbar scoliosis, wearing a Gensingen brace for six months reduced the spinal curve by 23% and eliminated reported low back pain in all symptomatic patients. However, patients also received Schroth exercises, so the brace's specific contribution cannot be isolated.
• PTRCT2022Effects of capacitive and resistive electric transfer therapy on pain and lumbar muscle stiffness and activity in patients with chronic low back pain.Journal of physical therapy scienceA single 15-minute session of capacitive and resistive electric transfer therapy significantly reduced pain and lumbar muscle stiffness in men with chronic low back pain compared to sham. It did not, however, normalize muscle activity patterns during forward trunk flexion.
• PTOTOther2022Relationship between the independence level of individual motor-related functional independence measure items and its total score in patients after hip fracture: an ordinal logistic modelling study.Journal of physical therapy scienceAfter hip fracture surgery, walking and stair climbing remain the hardest tasks to recover. If a patient still needs help eating or grooming, look for another cause, as these are rarely affected by the hip injury itself.
• PTOther2022Thirty second chair stand test: Test-retest reliability, agreement and minimum detectable change in people with early-stage knee osteoarthritis.Physiotherapy research international : the journal for researchers and clinicians in physical therapyThe 30-second chair stand test is reliable for people with early knee osteoarthritis, but performance improves between the first and second attempts. For an individual, a change of at least 2.5 stands is needed to confirm real progress beyond measurement error.
• PTOther2022Development and content validity of a rating scale for the pain and disability drivers management model.Archives of physiotherapyPhysiotherapists judged a new low back pain profile scale clear, well presented, and clinically usable after workshop feedback. It has not been tested in real patients or linked to patient outcomes.
• PTProtocol2022Global profile of individuals undergoing total knee replacement through the PROGRESS-PLUS equity lens: Protocol for a systematic review.The South African journal of physiotherapyNo results are available yet. This is a protocol for a planned systematic review, so it cannot tell therapists what demographic or equity profiles were found.
• PTOTSystematic Review2022Rehabilitation Research in Denmark Between 2001 and 2020: A Scoping Review.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences1,779 Danish rehabilitation studies were mostly about musculoskeletal conditions, cancer, and cardiac disease. Few covered rheumatic disease, diabetes, or substance abuse, and hospitals contributed most work.
• PTOTQualitative2022Experiences of community-dwelling older adults with chronic low back pain in Hong Kong and Switzerland - A qualitative study.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesOlder adults with chronic low back pain reported trouble walking, sitting and housework, plus worry and feeling a burden to family, especially in Hong Kong. They also described keeping family roles, support, contentment and social activities.
• PTOTOther2022Evaluation of musculoskeletal workload of manual operating tasks using a hydraulic jack based on ergonomic postural analysis and electromyography: A case study of non-professional young male users.Work (Reading, Mass.)Kneeling perpendicular to a hydraulic jack lever placed the highest postural load on nine young men, while kneeling parallel and close felt least burdensome. The study did not test whether changing posture prevents injury.
• PTCohort2022Research Dominance Definitions May Not Identify Higher Risk Limb for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in NCAA D3 Student-Athletes.International journal of sports physical therapyThe leg an athlete chooses to kick a ball with does not predict the leg they prefer to land on. In 45 NCAA Division III athletes, kicking and landing limb preferences showed almost no relationship, so using kicking dominance to assess ACL risk may miss the higher-risk limb.
• PTCohort2022Femur Length is Correlated with Isometric Quadriceps Strength in Post-Operative Patients.International journal of sports physical therapyLonger femurs correlated with stronger quadriceps in healthy knees. Among ligament reconstruction patients, longer limbs and femurs correlated with smaller strength deficits. Tibia length showed no such relationship. These links were weak to moderate, and the study was small and single-surgeon.
• PTRCT2022Effectiveness of Scapular Stabilization Versus Non-Stabilization Stretching on Shoulder Range of Motion, a Randomized Clinical Trial.International journal of sports physical therapyStabilized scapular stretching improved shoulder motion more than non-stabilized stretching in patients with shoulder pain. Pain and function did not clearly differ between groups, though both improved after treatment.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Short-Term Clinical Outcomes After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction In Adolescents During The COVID-19 Pandemic.International journal of sports physical therapyAdolescents who had ACL reconstruction during the pandemic had stronger uninvolved quadriceps at three months than those treated pre-pandemic. However, strength in the injured leg and self-reported function were identical between groups. The pandemic did not worsen short-term recovery.
• PTOther2022Females have Lower Knee Strength and Vertical Ground Reaction Forces During Landing than Males Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction at the Time of Return to Sport.International journal of sports physical therapyAt return to sport after ACL reconstruction, females had lower knee strength than males in both legs. Males landing on the reconstructed leg had greater vertical force relative to body weight. Balance scores did not differ.
• PTOther2022Athletic Shoulder Test Differences Exist Bilaterally in Healthy Pitchers.International journal of sports physical therapyHealthy pitchers push harder with their throwing arm than their non-throwing arm at 90 and 135 degrees of shoulder lift. However, how hard they push on this test has no link to how fast they throw a fastball. Use the test for side-to-side comparison, not speed prediction.
• PTSurvey2022Physical Therapy Interventions for the Management of Biceps Tendinopathy: An International Delphi Study.International journal of sports physical therapyA Delphi panel of physical therapy experts recommended multimodal care for biceps tendinopathy, favoring exercise, stretching, some manual therapy and education, while disagreeing on ultrasound, laser and shock wave. This is expert consensus, not proof that these treatments work.
• PTOTNarrative Review2022Home-Based Tele-Exercise in Musculoskeletal Conditions and Chronic Disease: A Literature Review.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesHome-based tele-exercise often matches clinic-based rehab for joint replacements and cardiac recovery, and can cut costs. But results vary for stroke and multiple sclerosis, and gains often fade without long-term follow-up. Supervision level does not consistently predict success.
• PTOther2022Evaluation of the tissue thickness of the supraspinatus and biceps long head tendons using ultrasound among elderly patients with unilateral adhesive capsulitis in the freezing phase.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn elderly people with freezing-phase shoulder pain and a positive shoulder test, ultrasound showed thicker supraspinatus and biceps long head tendons on the painful side than the other side. The difference was larger than in people with negative shoulder tests, suggesting possible treatment targets.
• PTOther2022Hip Adduction and Abduction Strength Profiles Among Bantam, High School, Juniors, and Collegiate American Ice Hockey Players.International journal of sports physical therapyHip strength is symmetrical across levels. Players showed no significant differences in hip adduction or abduction strength between dominant and non-dominant legs. You can assume symmetry when tracking return-to-play progressions for groin injuries.
• PTOTSystematic Review2022A Scoping Review on Shoulder Injuries of Wheelchair Tennis Players: Potential Risk-Factors and Musculoskeletal Adaptations.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesWheelchair tennis players face shoulder risks from overhead motion and muscle imbalances, but evidence is scarce. Most studies included few participants and used different outcome measures, so specific risk factors remain proposed rather than proven.
• PTOther2022Reliability of three-dimensional motion analysis during single-leg side drop landing test after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: An in vivo motion analysis study.Hong Kong physiotherapy journal : official publication of the Hong Kong Physiotherapy Association Limited = Wu li chih liaoFor patients who have had ACL reconstruction, a lateral single-leg drop landing test reliably measures knee and hip movement and landing forces. This allows therapists to use it to track recovery over time or compare groups, though ankle movement is less reliable between test days.
• PTOTOther2022Reliability of point-of-care shoulder ultrasound measurements for subacromial impingement in asymptomatic participants.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesWhen one therapist scans and measures a shoulder, results are consistent. When a second therapist scans, results vary widely. If two people measure the same saved images, they agree. The variability comes from how the probe is placed, not how the image is read.
• PTOTOther2022Implementation of falls risk evaluation at one-year after total hip arthroplasty: a cross-sectional study.Archives of physiotherapyOne year after hip replacement, 23% fell, yet most had balance confidence above 80. Nearly half of patients received no falls education, and only 2% used exercise to prevent falls. Standard screening missed these deficits, suggesting performance-based tests are needed.
• PTRCT2022Muscle activation patterns around knee following neuromuscular training in patients with knee osteoarthritis: secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.Archives of physiotherapyNeuromuscular training reduced co-contraction of quadriceps and hamstrings more than conventional strengthening in knee osteoarthritis. Effects on quadriceps and gastrocnemius were similar. Both training types lowered co-contraction, suggesting NMT specifically targets hamstring-quadriceps stability.
• PTOTOther2022Impact of Sprinting and Dribbling on Shoulder Joint and Pushrim Kinetics in Wheelchair Basketball Athletes.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesSprinting in a sports wheelchair places much higher loads on the shoulder than everyday propulsion. Dribbling reduces some of these forces compared to sprinting, but the overall intensity of sports wheelchair use remains high. Training plans should account for this significant mechanical stress.
• PTOther2022Evolution of the thematic structure and main producers of physical therapy interventions research: A bibliometric analysis (1986 to 2017).Brazilian journal of physical therapyPhysical therapy research has shifted over thirty years. Topics like neurological rehabilitation and physical activity gained prominence, while others like health economics faded. The United States, UK, and Australia remain the most productive countries, though China and Brazil are rising fast.
• PTOTOther2022Biopsychosocial factors associated with chronic low back pain-related activity limitations in Burundi.The South African journal of physiotherapyLower education, poorer abdominal endurance, and higher depression scores were the strongest predictors of activity limitations in 58 Burundian patients with chronic low back pain. These three factors explained 49% of the variance in disability.
• PTOther2022Secondary Analysis of Walking Activities during the Acute Stroke Hospital Stay and Cerebrovascular Health.Cardiopulmonary physical therapy journalStroke survivors who walked farther during their acute hospital stay showed a better brain blood flow response to exercise three months later. Resting blood flow and walking frequency did not differ between groups. This observational link does not prove that walking more caused the improvement.
• PTOther2022Immunohistochemical study on the distribution of telocytes in the knee joint components in a rat osteoarthritis model.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn a rat model of knee osteoarthritis, cells presumed to be telocytes were found in the infrapatellar fat pad and fibrous connective tissue, but not in cartilage or ligaments. Osteoarthritis did not change the area occupied by these cells. This is basic anatomy in animals and does not yet inform human therapy.
• PTRCT2022Volume and mobility of the infrapatellar fat pad during quasi-static knee extension after manual therapy in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized control trial study.Journal of physical therapy scienceBoth manual release and stretching increased fat pad movement in knee osteoarthritis patients, but neither improved pain or range of motion. The study was too small to detect clinical benefit, so these mechanical changes should not yet change your treatment plan.
• PTCohort2022Don't Peak Too Early: Evidence for an ACL Injury Prevention Mechanism of the 11+ Program.International journal of sports physical therapyThe 11+ warm-up reduced early knee valgus peaks in one female soccer team but not the other, and had no effect on very early peaks. Adherence differences may explain the inconsistency, so the mechanism is not clearly proven.
• PTOther2022Inertial Flywheel Resistance Training in Tendinopathy Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review.International journal of sports physical therapyInertial flywheel training improved pain and function in patellar tendinopathy. It was as effective as heavy slow resistance training in the only randomized trial. Evidence is limited to four small studies on athletes, so it cannot yet be recommended for other tendon conditions.
• PTMeta-Analysis2022Diagnostic Accuracy of Physical Examination Tests for Suspected Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of sports physical therapyThe lever sign test is the best single physical exam to rule out an acute ACL tear, while the pivot shift test is the best to confirm one. No single test is perfect, so combining these exams with high accuracy is recommended to reduce missed diagnoses in the acute phase.
• PTCohort2022Bilateral Comparison of Anterior Shoulder Position in Elite Tennis Players.International journal of sports physical therapyElite tennis players showed significantly greater forward shoulder position on their dominant side. The average difference between sides was 7-8 mm. This asymmetry is a normal sport-specific adaptation, not necessarily a sign of injury or dysfunction.
• PTCohort2022The Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic Shoulder & Elbow Score used as a Patient-Reported Outcome Measure for the Youth and High School Aged Baseball Athlete.International journal of sports physical therapyThe Kerlan-Jobe score separates youth baseball players throwing with pain from those without. A score below 68.6 indicates pain with throwing, while a score above 68.6 indicates no pain. This provides a specific threshold for clinicians assessing young overhead athletes.
• PTSystematic Review2022A Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Core Stability Exercises in Patients with Non-Specific Low Back Pain.International journal of sports physical therapyCore stabilization exercises were associated with short-term reductions in pain and disability across five trials, but four trials paired them with modalities, so the exercise alone may not be the reason.
• PTOTOther2022Ergonomic evaluation of school furniture in Slovenia: From primary school to university.Work (Reading, Mass.)School furniture in Slovenia is largely unsuitable for students, with desk and seat heights being too high for the majority. This mismatch varies by age and gender, requiring at least two furniture sizes in each classroom to accommodate students' diverse body dimensions.
• PTNarrative Review2022Roles of Hormone Replacement Therapy and Menopause on Osteoarthritis and Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes: A Narrative Review.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesMenopause is linked to higher risk of knee and hip osteoarthritis and cardiovascular disease, but hormone therapy effects are mixed. Starting earlier may help cardiovascular risk, while joint protection remains unclear.
• PTOther2022The Effects on Knee Swelling, Range of Motion and Pain using a Commercially Available Hot/Cold Contrast Device in a Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine Setting.International journal of sports physical therapyA single 18-minute hot/cold contrast treatment using a commercial device reduced knee pain, swelling, and stiffness in active patients. Pain dropped from 2.59 to 1.68 on a 10-point scale. However, without a control group, it is unclear if the device or time caused the improvement.
• PTOTOther2022Lower Kinetic Chain, Meet the Thinking Brain: A Scoping Review of Cognitive Function and Lower Extremity Injury Risk.International journal of sports physical therapyAdding cognitive demands to physical tasks consistently worsened lower-limb mechanics, such as reducing knee flexion and increasing valgus. Athletes with a history of concussion showed higher rates of subsequent lower-limb injury, even after symptoms resolved.
• PTCase Report2022Delayed Recovery after Nonoperative Treatment of an Avulsion Fracture of the Ischial Tuberosity in an Adolescent Gymnast with a History of Growth Hormone Deficiency: A Case Report.International journal of sports physical therapyA 15-year-old gymnast with prior growth hormone deficiency took 12 months to return to competition after nonoperative treatment of an ischial tuberosity avulsion fracture, longer than the expected three months.
• PTOther2022Acute Effects of Percussive Therapy on the Posterior Shoulder Muscles Differ Based on the Athlete's Soreness Response.International journal of sports physical therapyHealthy adults who felt more sore after five minutes of percussive therapy on the shoulder had slightly reduced internal rotation range and strength. Those who did not report increased soreness saw small improvements. The authors note these changes were too small to exceed measurement error.
• PTRCT2022Use of a Non-Pharmacological Pain Relief Kit to Reduce Opioid Use Following Orthopedic Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Study.International journal of sports physical therapyAdding a home pain kit with ice, heat, tape, and bands to standard physical therapy did not reduce opioid use or pain compared to physical therapy alone. Patients in both groups improved similarly over four weeks. The study was underpowered due to low overall opioid consumption.
• PTSystematic Review2022The Effect of Concussion History on Lower Extremity Injury Risk in College Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of sports physical therapyCollege athletes with a concussion history face a 58% greater risk of lower extremity injury than those without. This risk is highest in the first 90 days after returning to play and does not appear significantly elevated at one year.
• PTCohort2023Feasibility of an intensive interprofessional lifestyle medicine program for patients with musculoskeletal conditions in the setting of lifestyle-related chronic disease.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation21 of 26 patients finished the program, and 13 of 21 who finished met their personal goal. Anxiety scores fell by 3.5 points, but physical function, weight and other measures did not show clear change. This shows feasibility, not that the program works.