TOPIC

Neurological research

Everything we have read on neurological. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

3,875 PAPERS · PAGE 26 OF 78 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTOther2020People with Parkinson disease with and without freezing of gait respond similarly to external and self-generated cues.Gait & postureListening to music increased walking variability in all groups, while mental singing did not. People with Parkinson's and freezing of gait responded like those without freezing. Those with the highest baseline variability improved the most when cued.
• PTOTRCT2021Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on posture, movement planning, and execution during standing voluntary reach following stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationCathodal stimulation over premotor areas did not improve the startle-related posture response in stroke patients. It reduced it at both tested sound timings, while stimulation over motor cortex increased it only at 500 ms before the go cue.
• PTOTSLPOther2021Optimizing Recruitment Strategies and Physician Engagement for Stroke Recovery Research.Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPTA 'customer service' recruitment model using physician champions and trained student recruiters raised stroke trial enrollment from 6% to 19%. Early face-to-face contact and consistent communication streamlined screening and retention without requiring new medical devices.
• PTPilot2021Electromyography-Driven Exergaming in Wheelchairs on a Mobile Platform: Bench and Pilot Testing of the WOW-Mobile Fitness System.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesFour people with spinal cord injury used a home wheelchair exercise system with muscle sensors, armbands, and a spinning device for 8 weeks. They spent 89 to 267 minutes weekly on it and rated it useful, but fitness was not tested.
• PTOTRCT2021Behavioral and neurophysiological effects of an intensified robot-assisted therapy in subacute stroke: a case control study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdding intensive robot-assisted arm training to standard inpatient rehabilitation did not improve upper limb function more than standard care alone in subacute stroke patients. Both groups improved significantly, but the extra training offered no clinical advantage over the conventional therapy they already received.
• PTOther2020Predicative factors of the effect of Body Weight Support Treadmill Training in stroke hemiparesis patients.Journal of physical therapy scienceBody weight support treadmill training did not show an immediate improvement in gait measures in 21 stroke patients. A pre-training measure of leg support symmetry was linked to more improvement in symmetry, so it may help choose patients.
• PTOther2020Generalization of motor module recruitment across standing reactive balance and walking is associated with beam walking performance in young adults.Gait & postureBallet dancers shared more muscle coordination patterns between standing balance and walking than novices. This overlap correlated with better beam-walking proficiency, but not normal walking speed, suggesting shared neural strategies help maintain balance during challenging tasks.
• PTOTSLPRCT2020A web-based daily care training to improve the quality of life of mothers of children with cerebral palsy: A randomized controlled trial.Research in developmental disabilitiesMothers of children with severe cerebral palsy who added a 12-week web-based care training to routine occupational therapy reported better physical health quality of life and less musculoskeletal pain. Anxiety, depression, and stress did not improve more than with routine care alone.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2021Brain activity during real-time walking and with walking interventions after stroke: a systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationBrain imaging during real-time walking in stroke survivors shows increased activity in motor and planning areas compared to standing, but findings vary widely by walking phase. Activation patterns are inconsistent when compared to healthy adults, and no single brain region reliably predicts walking recovery.
• PTSLPRCT2021Liuzijue qigong versus traditional breathing training for patients with post-stroke dysarthria complicated by abnormal respiratory control: Results of a single-center randomized controlled trial.Clinical rehabilitationFor stroke patients with dysarthria, adding Liuzijue qigong to basic articulation training improved speech breathing and overall speech ability more than traditional breathing training. It did not significantly improve loudness control compared to the standard approach.
• PTOTRCT2021Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Cardiopulmonary Responses and Predictors of Change in Individuals With Parkinson's Disease.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationEight weeks of cycling did not significantly improve peak oxygen consumption, but both exercise groups improved submaximal aerobic capacity compared to controls. Younger participants with lower baseline fitness who cycled at higher speeds showed the greatest gains.
• PTOTOther2021Implementation of evidence-based assessment of upper extremity in stroke rehabilitation: From evidence to clinical practice.Journal of rehabilitation medicineStroke therapists implemented a new upper extremity assessment guideline. Short screening tests were adopted quickly, but the comprehensive Fugl-Meyer test required significant training time. Adherence to strict assessment timelines remained difficult due to workload and staff rotation.
• PTOTRCT2021Robot enhanced stroke therapy optimizes rehabilitation (RESTORE): a pilot study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationNine patients with subacute stroke completed 10 days of robotic therapy on top of standard care. They showed significant improvements in motor and function scores compared to baseline, while the control group showed minimal change.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2021"Just tell me in a simple way": A qualitative study on opportunities to improve the transition from acute hospital care to home from the perspectives of patients with traumatic brain injury, families, and providers.Clinical rehabilitationPatients and families recovering from traumatic brain injury at home want simple, written education on symptoms and recovery phases, plus clear timelines for discharge. They also need a coordinated plan for follow-up care. Therapists can support this by providing plain-language materials and helping map out post-discharge goals.
• PTOTSLPRCT2020Cost-effectiveness of botulinum neurotoxin A versus surgery for drooling: a randomized clinical trial.Developmental medicine and child neurologyTwo-duct ligation cost more upfront but was more effective than botulinum toxin A for drooling in children with cerebral palsy. Success rates were 63% versus 27%. The higher initial cost of surgery was offset by fewer repeat treatments, suggesting it may be more cost-effective over time.
• PTPilot2020Acceptability and outcomes of an individualized exergaming telePT program for veterans with multiple sclerosis: a pilot study.Archives of physiotherapyTen veterans with MS found remote exergaming physical therapy acceptable and improved walking distance and speed. Fatigue did not change. The pilot had no control group, so it cannot prove the program caused the gains.
• PTPilot2021Comparison of the effects of real-time propulsive force versus limb angle gait biofeedback on gait biomechanics.Gait & postureIn ten healthy adults, telling people to extend their leg further back at push-off increased forward propulsion just as much as telling them to push harder. Targeting leg angle may help patients who cannot generate strong ankle push-off, but this was an immediate effect in healthy walkers.
• PTOTSLPMeta-Analysis2021Effectiveness of specialized rehabilitation after mild traumatic brain injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of rehabilitation medicineSpecialized brain injury rehabilitation reduced post-concussion symptoms compared with usual care. Cognitive behavioral therapy and interdisciplinary programmes showed small benefits for mood and activity. Evidence quality was low because participants knew which treatment they received, so effects may be exaggerated.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020Factors associated with stroke survivors' inconsistent uptake of physiotherapy interventions at Turton Community Health Centre, KwaZulu-Natal.The South African journal of physiotherapyStroke survivors who did not feel they were improving with exercises were significantly less likely to attend physiotherapy appointments. Transport costs and lack of family support also hindered attendance, but statistical links to these factors were not significant.
• PTOTPilot2020Biodex© training post-stroke for postural stability in the upper trunk: A pilot study.The South African journal of physiotherapyAdding Biodex upper-limb weight-bearing training to standard stroke rehabilitation did not improve upper trunk postural stability more than standard care alone in this pilot. Both groups improved over the month, so the Biodex added no extra measurable benefit.
• PTOTCase-Control2021Mild Stroke Affects Pointing Movements Made in Different Frames of Reference.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairPeople with mild stroke could not keep their hand path steady when their trunk was unexpectedly blocked while reaching, in both body-centered and external space. Healthy adults adjusted instantly; stroke survivors diverged early. This points to a motor planning deficit missed by standard impairment scores.
• PTOTRCT2021Effects of wearable ankle robotics for stair and over-ground training on sub-acute stroke: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdding 20 sessions of stair and over-ground training with a powered ankle robot to standard care improved walking speed more than standard care alone. The powered mode also allowed patients to walk faster and climb more steps during the training itself compared to a passive locking mode.
• PTOTSLPRCT2021Investigating the feasibility of cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation to facilitate post-stroke overground gait performance in chronic stroke: a partial least-squares regression approach.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA single session of cerebellar brain stimulation was tolerated by ten men with chronic stroke. It did not improve clinical walking speed or balance. However, it changed specific timing patterns in gait, with one stimulation setup speeding up steps on the affected side while slowing stance on the unaffected side.
• PTOTSLPCohortSuccessful Community Discharge Among Older Adults With Traumatic Brain Injury in Skilled Nursing Facilities.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationFor older adults with TBI in skilled nursing facilities, discharge home depends on function, not injury severity. Cognitive impairment, dependence in daily activities, incontinence, and dual Medicare/Medicaid enrollment predict failure to discharge home. Traditional injury scores like GCS do not.
• PTOTSLPOther2021Prevention and management of respiratory disease in young people with cerebral palsy: consensus statement.Developmental medicine and child neurologyRespiratory disease is a leading cause of death in cerebral palsy, but there is no high-level evidence that any intervention prevents or treats it. These guidelines rely on expert consensus to recommend risk screening for swallowing, mobility, and reflux.
• PTOther2021Regularity of kinematic data between single and dual-task treadmill walking in people with Parkinson's disease.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn people with Parkinson’s disease, walking while naming words was associated with less predictable trunk and center-of-gravity movement, especially side to side. This was a lab measurement, not a clinical test or treatment result.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2021Comorbidity in traumatic brain injury and functional outcomes: a systematic review.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineMost studies found that having additional medical or psychiatric conditions alongside traumatic brain injury predicts poorer recovery. However, results were inconsistent across conditions, and standard comorbidity scores often failed to capture this impact.
• PTOTSLPOther2020Cerebral Palsy Research Network Clinical Registry: Methodology and Baseline Report.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationA new cerebral palsy registry has enrolled 1,858 patients across 12 sites. It captures routine care data but currently misses key therapy details like dose and duration, and has high missing data rates for communication and feeding. It is not yet ready to answer questions about which treatments work best.
• PTOTOther202124-hour activity for children with cerebral palsy: a clinical practice guide.Developmental medicine and child neurologyA parent-completed checklist covering sleep and activity for children with cerebral palsy took 5 to 10 minutes on average. Clinicians reviewed it in no more than 2 minutes, and pilot feedback was positive, but validation is still needed.
• PTOTPilot2020A Pilot Study of the Feasibility and Effects of Table Tennis Training in Parkinson Disease.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationTable tennis training was safe and feasible for people with mild to moderate Parkinson disease, with high attendance and no adverse events. Balance scores showed a non-significant increase, while depression scores and self-reported activity levels significantly improved.
• PTOTSystematic Review2020The Effect of Caregiver-Mediated Mobility Interventions in Hospitalized Patients on Patient, Caregiver, and Health System Outcomes: A Systematic Review.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationTeaching caregivers to help hospitalized patients move improved patient independence and reduced caregiver burden. Interventions that also encouraged collaboration with staff reduced length of stay. Evidence is low quality because blinding was impossible and studies varied widely.
• PTOTOther2020Implementing a Pain Assessment Survey and Team Approach Method to Effectively Assess and Treat Pain in Poststroke Patients.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationAdding a pain survey to admission and using a team approach meant all poststroke patients were discharged pain free. Without it, 31.7% left with pain. This suggests systematic assessment triggers effective treatment, though the study lacked a control group.
• PTOTOther2021Does gait bout definition influence the ability to discriminate gait quality between people with and without multiple sclerosis during daily life?Gait & postureChanging how long a pause defines the end of a walking bout alters gait quantity counts but not quality metrics like speed or stride length. For clinicians using wearable data, quality measures remain stable across different bout definitions.
• PTOTPilot2021Cardiovascular Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Bimanual Training in Children With Cerebral Palsy.Pediatric physical therapy : the official publication of the Section on Pediatrics of the American Physical Therapy AssociationCombining brain stimulation with hand therapy did not improve heart rate or blood pressure control in children with cerebral palsy. The study was too small to confirm any benefit, and the treatment did not change autonomic function as hypothesized.
• PTOTSLPOther2020The Effect of Vibration Therapy on Walking Endurance in Children and Young People With Cerebral Palsy: Do Age and Gross Motor Function Classification System Matter?Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationChildren and young people with cerebral palsy walked 12% further on average after 20 weeks of vibration therapy. Those with limited mobility (GMFCS levels III and IV) saw the largest percentage gains, increasing by 40% and 57% respectively. Age did not significantly change the absolute benefit.
• PTOTSystematic Review2020To stimulate or not to stimulate? A rapid systematic review of repetitive sensory stimulation for the upper-limb following stroke.Archives of physiotherapyRepetitive sensory stimulation showed immediate gains in grip and hand function in small trials, but these benefits did not persist after weeks of treatment. There is no evidence to support its routine use for upper-limb recovery after stroke.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2020Effect of Early Interdisciplinary Rehabilitation for Trauma Patients: A Systematic Review.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationEarly interdisciplinary rehabilitation after traumatic brain injury showed no clear overall benefit. Some studies reported better function or cognition, but the review included only four low-quality studies and found no strong evidence.
• PTOTCase-Control2020Relation of Musculoskeletal Strength and Function to Postural Stability in Ambulatory Adults With Cerebral Palsy.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationIn adults with cerebral palsy, leg strength and hip bone shape relate to balance. Bone density at the hip does not. Low hip bone density in this group is common and should not be assumed to be the main driver of poor balance.
• PTRCT2020Effects of In-Bed Cycle Exercise in Patients With Acute Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationAdding early in-bed cycling to usual stroke care did not improve walking distance, disability, or hospital stay compared to usual care alone. The study was underpowered, so a benefit in milder stroke cases cannot be ruled out.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020Evaluation of an Interdisciplinary Screening Program for People With Parkinson Disease and Movement Disorders.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationAn interdisciplinary screening program for Parkinson’s disease was feasible and sustainable. It identified high fall risk and soft speech, leading to 98% of participants being referred to rehabilitation services, though only half started care within the system.
• PTOther2021Readiness to Change is Related to Real-World Walking and Depressive Symptoms in Chronic Stroke.Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPTPeople with chronic stroke who reported being more ready to become regularly active took more daily steps and had fewer depressive symptoms. Readiness was not linked to walking speed, endurance, balance confidence, other health problems, or body mass index.
• PTOTCohort2021Comparison of forward and backward postural perturbations in mild-to-moderate Parkinson's disease.Gait & posturePeople with Parkinson's disease showed no difference from controls in the number of steps taken to recover balance after backward or forward perturbations. However, a detailed analysis of body sway identified a distinct difference during forward stepping, suggesting subtle motor control issues that standard step counts miss.
• PTOTCohort2020Relation of chair rising ability to activities of daily living and physical activity in Parkinson's disease.Archives of physiotherapyParkinson's patients who need to push off the chair with their arms have significantly lower independence and physical activity than those who rise normally. This simple observation helps identify who needs extra support, though it reflects existing decline rather than predicting future loss.
• PTOTPilot2020The SitLess With MS Program: Intervention Feasibility and Change in Sedentary Behavior.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationA 15-week telerehabilitation program helped people with MS reduce daily sitting time by about 48 minutes. Participants found it acceptable and feasible, with no increase in fatigue, though the study lacked a control group to confirm the intervention caused the change.
• PTOTSLPOther2020Sleep Assessments for Children With Severe Cerebral Palsy: A Scoping Review.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationNo single sleep assessment captures all relevant domains for children with severe cerebral palsy undergoing postural care. Clinicians should pair the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children with actigraphy to track changes over months, as no individual instrument met all suitability criteria.
• PTOTSLPCase Series2020Complications After Dual Placement of a Baclofen Pump and Ventricular Shunt in Individuals With Severe Brain Injury.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationIn 9 patients with severe brain injury who received both a baclofen pump and a ventricular shunt, 8 experienced complications. Most issues occurred within 4 days of the second implant. The authors recommend testing the first system, starting baclofen slowly, and monitoring closely.
• PTOTOther2020Effects of Visual Feedback During Recumbent Stepping in Individuals With Chronic Stroke.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationEleven people with chronic stroke improved sit-to-stand speed and fast-walking stride length after eight sessions on a recumbent stepper that displayed real-time left-right effort. Because there was no control group, it is impossible to say whether the visual feedback itself caused these gains.
• PTOTCohort2020Kinematic Measures of Bimanual Performance are Associated With Callosum White Matter Change in People With Chronic Stroke.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationIn chronic stroke, poorer bimanual movement quality links to reduced integrity in the corpus callosum, not the main motor tract. This suggests the brain's bridge between hemispheres drives coordination problems, offering a specific target for bimanual therapy.
• PTRCT2021Investigating Therapies for Freezing of Gait Targeting the Cognitive, Limbic, and Sensorimotor Domains.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairProprioceptive training improved lab-measured freezing of gait, but cognitive training results were inconsistent and anxiety-focused CBT worsened freezing. The small sample size means these findings are preliminary and should not change clinical practice yet.
• PTOTOther2021Validation of IMU-based gait event detection during curved walking and turning in older adults and Parkinson's Disease patients.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationShank-mounted sensors accurately detect foot contacts during straight and curved walking in older adults and people with Parkinson's or stroke. Detection fails during turns, missing many steps and creating false ones. Do not trust sensor data from turning without manual checks.