RNSurveyInternational journal of nursing sciences2026

Validation of the Traditional Chinese version of Mothers on Respect Index (MORi) and Mother's Autonomy in Decision Making (MADM) Scale.

Junyan Li, Nitya Nagesh, Heidi Sl Fan and 2 others

PMID 42521395

WHAT IT FOUND

Traditional Chinese versions of the MORi-R and MADM questionnaires measured respectful maternity care and decision-making autonomy well among 1,395 postpartum women in Hong Kong, who reported moderate levels of both.

Key findings

01The Traditional Chinese MORi-R and MADM scales showed good internal consistency, with Cronbach's alpha values of 0.86 and 0.91.

02Item 4 was removed from the MORi scale, leaving 13 items in the revised MORi-R.

03Median MORi-R and MADM scores were 61 and 29, respectively.

STILL TO COME

How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs

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What it does not show

Participants were recruited through social media and may have self-selected, so women with strong positive or negative experiences may be overrepresented. The sample was mostly local, higher-income, and highly educated, so findings may not apply to lower-income or non-local women in Hong Kong. Women were asked about experiences up to 5 years after pregnancy or birth, which can introduce recall bias. The MORi-R removed item 4, which may reduce direct comparability with studies using the original 14-item MORi. The study validated patient-reported scales; it did not test whether using the scales improves maternity care.

Declared interests

The authors declared no conflict of interest.

The easy way to misread this

Do not read the validated scales or the median scores as evidence that maternity care in Hong Kong is respectful, or that using these questionnaires will improve care. They measure women's perceptions in one convenience sample and were not tested as interventions.

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Validation of the Traditional Chinese version of Mothers on Respect Index (MORi) and Mother's Autonomy in Decision Making (MADM) Scale. — Applied Evidence