Vaccination status of individuals with diabetes mellitus treated in Primary Healthcare: a cross-sectional study.
Francisco João de Carvalho Neto, Luisa Helena de Oliveira Lima, Mônica Antar Gamba and 3 others
PMID 39907350WHAT IT FOUND
Adults with diabetes in one Brazilian primary-care area had low rates for most recommended vaccines: hepatitis B 21.3%, diphtheria-tetanus 25.5%, MMR 6.6%, yellow fever 15.4%, varicella 1.5%, pneumococcus 1.5%.
Influenza was 75% and COVID-19 99.3%.
Key findings
01Coverage was low for most recommended vaccines: hepatitis B 21.3%, dT 25.5%, MMR 6.6%, yellow fever 15.4%, varicella 1.5%, and pneumococcus 1.5%; influenza was 75.0% and COVID-19 was 99.3%.
02Among those reporting difficulty getting vaccinated, transportation problems were cited by 35 participants (52.2%) and shortage of supplies or vaccines by 22 participants (32.8%).
03Many participants did not know the national immunization program: 165 (60.2%) had never heard of it, and 98 (37.3%) said a reason for incomplete vaccination was not being informed by a healthcare provider.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs
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What it does not show
The survey was done in one municipality in Piauí, Brazil, so it may not apply to other regions or health systems. It is cross-sectional, so it describes vaccination status and associations at one time but cannot show what caused them. Vaccination status relied on cards when shown and self-report when not; 59 participants did not show a card, and 57 of those gave self-reported status. Only 13 participants had type 1 diabetes, so subgroup findings for type 1 diabetes are fragile. The paper has internal inconsistencies: the text reports 271 participants as 68.5% for complete COVID-19 schedule, while Table 2 reports 271 participants as 99.3%; and the text reports 129 (48.3%) as considering media campaigns insufficient, while Table 3 lists 129 (48.3%) as the 'No' response. The herpes zoster vaccine was recommended in the introduction but was not included in the assessed vaccination-status variables.
The easy way to misread this
Do not conclude vaccination is adequate because influenza and COVID-19 rates were high. Most other recommended vaccines had low coverage in this sample.