CohortThe Journal of head trauma rehabilitation2025

Traumatic Brain Injury and Accelerated Epigenetic Aging Among Post-9/11 Veterans.

Kyle J Bourassa, Sarah L Martindale, Melanie E Garrett and 4 others

PMID 40828005

WHAT IT FOUND

Veterans with a history of traumatic brain injury, particularly those injured during deployment, showed faster biological aging.

This association weakened when accounting for PTSD, suggesting shared variance between the two conditions rather than independent effects.

Key findings

01Veterans reporting more lifetime TBI and more deployment-related TBI had faster epigenetic aging scores.

02When PTSD status was included in the same model, neither PTSD nor lifetime TBI were significantly associated with epigenetic aging at a p < .05 level.

03The study is cross-sectional and relied on retrospective self-report for TBI history, which precludes causal inferences and introduces potential recall bias.

STILL TO COME

How it was doneWhat they found

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What it does not show

The study design is cross-sectional, so it cannot prove that TBI causes accelerated aging. TBI history was assessed retrospectively via self-report, which is subject to recall and attribution bias. The assessment did not include CT classification, so complicated mild TBI or structural lesions could not be identified. The findings are specific to post-9/11 veterans and may not generalize to civilian populations or other military eras. The association between TBI and aging was not independent of PTSD; when both were analyzed together, neither showed a significant independent effect.

The easy way to misread this

Do not conclude that TBI independently accelerates biological aging beyond the effects of PTSD. The study found that when PTSD was included in the same statistical model, the significant association between TBI and aging scores disappeared, indicating that the observed aging effects may be driven by the high comorbidity between TBI and PTSD rather than TBI alone.

Summarised by AI from the full paper, without a clinician reviewing it. Check it against the source before it changes what you do. Read it on PubMed →


The study

Participants
1152
Certainty of evidence
Low

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    Cite

    Kyle J Bourassa, Sarah L Martindale, Melanie E Garrett, et al. Traumatic Brain Injury and Accelerated Epigenetic Aging Among Post-9/11 Veterans. The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation. 2025.

    Read the original — we summarise, we never replace the paper.