Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation of the Italian version of the Synkinesis Assessment Questionnaire in individuals with peripheral facial palsy.
Franco Franchignoni, Andrea Giordano, Miriam Cecini and 7 others
PMID 36073956WHAT IT FOUND
The Italian Synkinesis Assessment Questionnaire is reliable and valid for patients with facial palsy.
A change in score must be at least 14 points to reflect true improvement, helping clinicians distinguish real recovery from measurement error.
Key findings
01The questionnaire showed good internal consistency and test-retest reliability, correlating strongly with the clinician-rated synkinesis subscore.
02The minimum detectable change was 13.14 points, meaning a score change of at least 14 points is needed to confirm true improvement.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for PTsWhat it means for OTsWhat it means for SLPs
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What it does not show
Test-retest reliability was assessed within a single one-hour visit, which may overestimate stability compared to longer intervals due to potential carryover effects. The minimum detectable change was calculated using distribution-based methods only, not anchor-based methods that link scores to patient-reported meaningful change. The sample consisted of outpatients from a single university hospital, which may limit generalizability to other populations or settings.
Declared interests
No conflicts of interest or funding sources are explicitly reported in the provided text.
The easy way to misread this
Do not interpret a small improvement in SAQ score as clinical progress. A change of less than 14 points is within the margin of error and does not confirm that the patient's condition has truly improved.