Three-month functional training programme improves knee joint function in athletes post-ACL reconstruction surgery.

The study was not randomised; participants were assigned to groups based on their willingness and ability to train, which introduces significant selection bias. Those in the experimental group may have been more motivated or physically capable at baseline. The control group’s self-directed rehabilitation was not monitored, so it is unclear exactly what they did or how much they adhered to standard care. The sample size was small (n=34 completed), and the study lacked long-term follow-up, so it is unknown if the functional gains were sustained. The population was restricted to athletes, so results may not generalise to non-athletes or those with less demanding rehabilitation goals. Some preoperative assessment data were not collected, limiting baseline comparisons.

The authors declared no conflicts of interest. The study was supported by the Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province Key R&D Project.

Do not assume the training programme alone caused the improvement. Because participants were not randomly assigned, the experimental group may have included more motivated or able patients. Additionally, both groups received the same surgery and ERAS perioperative care, so the effect of the 3-month functional training cannot be separated from the benefits of that initial standardised care.