The Roles of Parental Psychological Flexibility, Mindfulness, and Self-Compassion in Affecting Mental Health and Self-Efficacy in Parents of Children With or Without Hearing Loss: An Analysis of the Parallel Mediation Model.
Jiao Xie, Li Yang, Sini Li
PMID 40186878WHAT IT FOUND
Parents of children with and without congenital hearing loss reported that higher stress, depression, and anxiety were linked to lower parenting self-efficacy, and that lower psychological flexibility, mindful awareness, and self-compassion were also linked to lower self-efficacy.
It did not test an intervention.
Key findings
01Parents of children with congenital hearing loss had significantly lower parenting self-efficacy than parents of children without (mean difference 4.25, p = 0.035).
02Parenting self-efficacy was positively associated with psychological flexibility, mindful awareness, and self-compassion, and negatively associated with parental stress, depression, and anxiety.
03In the mediation analyses, psychological inflexibility, mindful awareness, and self-compassion were significant indirect links between parental stress, depression, or anxiety and lower parenting self-efficacy in both samples and the total sample.
STILL TO COME
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What it does not show
The study was cross-sectional, so it cannot show that psychological flexibility, mindful awareness, or self-compassion caused changes in parenting self-efficacy. Participants were recruited by convenience sampling from one province in mainland China, so the results may not apply to other regions or cultural contexts. All measures were self-report questionnaires. Only 12.4% of parents were fathers (n = 67), so the findings may not represent fathers. Parents already enrolled in parent support interventions were excluded, so the results may not apply to families currently receiving such support. The authors' nursing and intervention recommendations were not tested in this study.
Declared interests
The authors declared no conflicts of interest. The supplied text does not report funding.
The easy way to misread this
Do not read this as evidence that a nursing or psychological intervention will improve parenting self-efficacy in parents of children with congenital hearing loss. The study was cross-sectional, tested no intervention, and the between-group differences in stress, depression, and anxiety were not significant.