The relationships between metacognitive aspects of daily activity performance and participation patterns: Older adults' perspectives.
Liron Lamash
PMID 40291509WHAT IT FOUND
Community-dwelling older adults reported the most difficulty with complex tasks and executive functions.
These self-reported cognitive struggles correlated with participating in fewer activities, needing more assistance, and leaving the home less often, but not with how much they enjoyed those activities.
Key findings
01Participants reported significantly more difficulty with complex tasks than with household, language, or community activities.
02Greater self-reported cognitive difficulties were associated with lower frequency and diversity of participation, and a higher need for assistance.
03Cognitive difficulties correlated with reduced out-of-home participation but showed no significant relationship with in-home activity levels.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for PTsWhat it means for OTsWhat it means for SLPs
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What it does not show
The sample consisted only of healthy community-dwelling adults without diagnosed cognitive impairment, so findings may not apply to those with dementia or mild cognitive impairment. Data relied entirely on self-report, which can be subject to bias and may not reflect actual performance. The cross-sectional design cannot determine if cognitive difficulties cause reduced participation or if reduced participation contributes to cognitive decline. Convenience sampling may limit the generalizability of the results to other populations.
Declared interests
The authors declared no conflicts of interest and received no financial support for the research.
The easy way to misread this
Do not interpret the correlations as evidence that cognitive decline causes social withdrawal. The study is cross-sectional and self-reported, so it cannot prove directionality, and the effect sizes for enjoyment and satisfaction were weak.