Testing Precision and Accuracy of an Upper Extremity Proprioceptive Targeting Task Assessment.
Julia A Dunn, Carolyn E Taylor, Bob Wong and 3 others
PMID 36123975WHAT IT FOUND
Closing the eyes made upper limb targeting much less accurate and consistent in healthy right-handed adults.
With eyes closed, both hands performed similarly, so one hand can serve as the other hand's comparison.
Key findings
01Removing vision made targeting less accurate and less consistent. Accuracy means were 0.14 cm and 0.21 cm with eyes open, and 2.45 cm and 2.34 cm with eyes closed for the dominant and nondominant hands. Precision means were 0.80 cm² and 1.50 cm² with eyes open, and 8.92 cm² and 11.00 cm² with eyes closed.
02With eyes closed, the paper found accuracy equivalent between the dominant and nondominant hands within the ±0.50 cm equivalence bounds.
03Second-session accuracy stayed within the measurement error range from the first session, so the task was repeatable.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for OTs
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What it does not show
The participants were 20 healthy right-handed adults aged 19 to 33 years, and none had amputation or upper limb pathology. The baseline was limited to adults younger than 60 years, so it does not show how older adults perform. The task used horizontal movement and did not quantify each joint's contribution, including trunk motion. The full session was designed to fit within 30 minutes, and even the shortened version was estimated at 15 minutes including setup and instructions. The measurements required scanned papers and a custom MATLAB script, which may not be available in a clinic.
The easy way to misread this
Do not treat this as a validated clinical test for patients with upper limb amputation or impairment. It was tested only in 20 healthy right-handed adults aged 19 to 33 years, and the authors have not yet applied it to prosthetic users or patients with upper limb pathology.