OTSurveyJournal of autism and developmental disorders2023

Subjective Poverty Moderates the Association Between Carer Status and Psychological Outcomes of Adult Siblings of People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities.

Nikita K Hayden, Richard P Hastings, Clare Kassa and 1 others

PMID 35304664

WHAT IT FOUND

Adult siblings of people with IDD reported worse mental distress and wellbeing than the general population.

Financial hardship was the strongest predictor of poor outcomes. For siblings who are financially secure, taking on a caring role was linked to worse mental health, but for those already struggling financially, caring added little further risk.

Key findings

01Subjective poverty independently predicted worse mental distress, wellbeing, quality of life, and health, regardless of caring status.

02Caring for a sibling with IDD was associated with higher mental distress and lower wellbeing only among siblings reporting low levels of subjective poverty.

03Adult siblings had significantly higher mental distress and lower wellbeing compared to normative samples of other adults.

STILL TO COME

How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for OTs

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What it does not show

Cross-sectional design prevents causal conclusions. Convenience sample recruited through a sibling charity, likely over-representing those already engaged with support services. Sample was predominantly White British, female, and well-educated, limiting generalizability. Self-report data with no diagnostic verification for the participants or their siblings. Binary definition of caregiving may not capture the intensity or nature of the role. Attrition occurred, particularly among those unwilling to answer income-related questions, which may bias results regarding poverty.

Declared interests

Funded by the Economic and Social Research Council and Sibs. The authors declared no other conflicts of interest.

The easy way to misread this

Do not assume that being a carer is the main cause of distress for all siblings. The study found that financial hardship was a stronger predictor of poor outcomes overall. The negative impact of caring was only significant for siblings who were already financially secure; for those struggling with poverty, the financial stress itself was the dominant risk factor regardless of caring status.

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