Stigma and Borderline Personality Disorder: An Umbrella Scoping Review of Existing Reviews.

The review included only English-language studies, potentially excluding relevant global perspectives. Searches were limited to the first 100 results in Google Scholar, which may have missed relevant articles. One narrative review was excluded from the overlap calculation because it did not report its primary studies, making the degree of overlap slightly underestimated. The included reviews themselves varied in quality, with four rated as low quality, which may have influenced the synthesis. Most primary studies relied on self-report questionnaires from HCPs, failing to capture the lived experience of patients with BPD. The literature heavily focused on social stigma (HCP attitudes) and underrepresented structural stigma and self-stigma.

The authors declare no conflicts of interest and report no funding.

Do not conclude that educational interventions alone are sufficient to reduce stigma. The review found mixed evidence for their effectiveness and noted that without addressing structural barriers like under-resourcing and workplace culture, attitudinal changes may not sustain or improve patient outcomes.