Standard Operating Procedure validity on intramuscular vaccine administration in adults: a methodological study.
Elaine Aparecida da Cunha Lima, Renata Oliveira Caetano, Marisa Dibbern Lopes Correia and 4 others
PMID 37820151WHAT IT FOUND
Twenty-five experienced nurses agreed a step-by-step adult intramuscular vaccine procedure using vibration plus ice for pain relief was clear, relevant and accurate.
It is a nurse-rated procedure for vaccination-room care, not evidence the method reduces adult pain.
Key findings
01Twenty-five nurse experts judged the proposed vaccine procedure adequate and validated it.
02Item agreement ranged from 0.88 to 1.0, above the 0.80 threshold, so the written procedure was accepted as content-valid.
03The procedure includes using a vibration device with an ice pack for 30 seconds before and during deltoid injection, but Z technique steps received lower agreement.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs
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What it does not show
No patients were studied, so the paper shows nurses agreed with the wording of a procedure, not that the procedure works. The judges were nurses, and most lived in southeastern Brazil, so their agreement may not reflect other regions. Many invited experts did not respond, which may have left a self-selected group of nurses with particular experience. Some steps received lower agreement and were questioned, including the Z technique, and the SOP was not tested with patients.
The easy way to misread this
Do not read this as proof that vibration with ice reduces pain in adults. The study only had nurses rate a written procedure; no patients received it.