Spiritual well-being of patients with chronic renal failure: A cross-sectional study.
Chia-Yu Li, Chia-Jung Hsieh, Ya-Ling Shih and 1 others
PMID 34310075WHAT IT FOUND
Older patients with chronic renal failure reported lower spiritual well-being when they had more physical distress, poorer sleep, or more depression.
Haemodialysis was linked to lower spiritual well-being than pharmacological treatment.
Key findings
01Spiritual well-being was lower when patients reported more physical symptom distress, poorer sleep quality, or more depression.
02Haemodialysis patients had lower total spiritual well-being scores than patients receiving pharmacological treatment.
03After controlling for renal function, physical symptom distress, and depression, poor sleep quality and haemodialysis were significant predictors of lower spiritual well-being.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs
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What it does not show
The study was cross-sectional, so it cannot show that poor sleep, depression, physical distress, or haemodialysis caused lower spiritual well-being. Participants were recruited by convenience sampling from one medical centre in Northern Taiwan, so the findings may not apply to other settings or populations. The sample was 188 participants, below the 204 required by the sample-size calculation, so the study may be underpowered. People with cognitive impairment, psychiatric disease, severe visual or audio disabilities, or difficulty communicating in Mandarin or Taiwanese were excluded, so results may not apply to patients with those conditions. The study measured self-reported spiritual well-being, sleep, distress, and depression; it did not test an intervention.
Declared interests
The authors declare no conflicts of interest. No funding source is reported in the supplied text.
The easy way to misread this
Do not read this as evidence that haemodialysis harms spiritual well-being or that improving sleep will raise spiritual well-being. The study is cross-sectional and only reports associations.