OTSystematic ReviewOccupational therapy international2021

Spiritual Care in Advanced Dementia from the Perspective of Health Providers: A Qualitative Systematic Review.

Lucía Rocío Camacho-Montaño, Jorge Pérez-Corrales, Marta Pérez-de-Heredia-Torres and 4 others

PMID 34908917

WHAT IT FOUND

Nursing home staff described spiritual care in advanced dementia as often neglected, despite recognizing needs.

They reported lacking training, fearing death talk, and using music, prayer, meaningful activities, and Namaste Care to connect.

Key findings

01Spiritual care was often not mentioned until prompted and not systematically addressed.

02Staff described lacking preparation and training to address spirituality, and less than 19% had ever received training for working with residents with dementia.

03Spiritual resources used included music, prayer, meaningful occupations, private spaces, and Namaste Care, with positive responses such as facial expressions reported.

STILL TO COME

How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for OTs

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What it does not show

The review reports health professionals' perceptions, not patient outcomes or tested effects of spiritual care, so it cannot show that an approach works. Only studies in English or Spanish were included, which may limit transferability to other settings. Not all included studies reported how severe the residents' dementia was, so the group may not be uniformly advanced dementia. Quality appraisal showed uneven reporting: one study covered five items on one checklist, and two studies covered fewer items on another checklist than the rest. Only two included studies involved occupational therapists, so the review may not capture occupational therapy-specific practice.

The easy way to misread this

Do not read staff reports of smiling or eye contact during music, prayer, or Namaste Care as proof these approaches improve outcomes. The review synthesizes provider perceptions, not patient outcomes or tested interventions.

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