Sleep quality of patients with heart failure and associated factors.
Juliana Pessoa de Souza, Danielly Farias Santos de Lima, Oriana Deyze Correia Paiva Leadebal and 4 others
PMID 39699372WHAT IT FOUND
73 of 88 patients with heart failure reported poor sleep, especially taking longer to fall asleep.
Worse sleep was linked to lower income and more limiting symptoms, not ejection fraction, medication count, age or sex.
Key findings
0173 of 88 patients scored 5 or more on the sleep questionnaire, the study's cutoff for poor sleep, with a mean score of 8.59 and mean sleep duration of 5.99 hours.
02Sleep latency was the most affected component, with a mean score of 1.75, and common sleep problems were needing to wake to urinate (68.2%), waking at night or early morning (64.8%), and difficulty falling asleep within 30 minutes (42.0%).
03Worse sleep was associated with lower family income and more limiting NYHA functional class, and total sleep score had a moderate positive correlation with functional class (correlation coefficient 0.44).
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs
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What it does not show
All sleep data were self-reported by patients, so poor sleep may be over- or under-estimated. The study was done in one outpatient clinic in northeastern Brazil, so the results may not apply to other settings or populations. It was cross-sectional, so it cannot show that income or functional class causes poor sleep, or that poor sleep worsens heart failure. People with recorded anxiety, depression, sleeping-pill use or cognitive impairment were excluded, so the findings do not describe a common part of the heart failure population. The analysis compared variables one at a time and did not adjust for other factors, so the income and functional-class associations may be mixed with other differences. The sample was small, with 88 analysed participants, so the estimates may be imprecise.
The easy way to misread this
Do not read the income and functional-class links as proof that poor sleep causes worse heart failure, or that sleep advice or changing diuretics will improve heart failure. The study measured associations at one time and tested no intervention.