Self-test for HIV infection diagnosis: educational technology development and validity.
Ana Luiza Carsoni Alves de Almeida, Karyanna Alves de Alencar Rocha, Júlia Freitas Gomes and 4 others
PMID 41919814WHAT IT FOUND
A 12-page booklet explaining how to use HIV self-test kits was rated as clear, accurate, and visually helpful by both experts and potential users.
It covers step-by-step instructions, result interpretation, and disposal, aiming to reduce barriers to testing.
Key findings
01The booklet achieved a global content validity index of 0.92 among experts, indicating high agreement on its relevance, content accuracy, and visual quality.
02Seven potential users assessed the booklet's semantic clarity and appearance, yielding a content validity index of 0.95.
03The material includes a practical guide with seven stages for performing a capillary blood self-test, illustrated with photographs to facilitate understanding.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs
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What it does not show
The target audience sample was very small (n=7), which limits the generalizability of the semantic findings. Participants were recruited from a single service in a specific region of São Paulo, which may not reflect broader linguistic or cultural variations. The study validated the content and appearance of the booklet but did not test its effectiveness in changing patient behavior or improving actual self-test accuracy. Experts were selected via convenience and snowball sampling, which may introduce selection bias.
Declared interests
The study was funded by the Universidade de São Paulo and the Dean’s Office of Culture and University Extension through a specific research and extension grant. No commercial conflicts of interest were reported.
The easy way to misread this
Do not assume this booklet has been proven to increase HIV testing rates or improve diagnostic accuracy. The study only validated the content and appearance of the material with a small group of users and experts; it did not measure clinical outcomes or behavioral change.