Self-care model and body image in adults after a bariatric surgery.
Gisela Pineda-García, Aracely Serrano-Medina, José Manuel Cornejo-Bravo and 3 others
PMID 35830125WHAT IT FOUND
After bariatric surgery, body dissatisfaction, depression and obsessive-compulsive symptoms were linked to poorer self-care.
Nurses may need to assess mood, appearance concerns and self-efficacy, not just weight loss.
Key findings
0121.6% of patients had low self-care capacity, while 78.5% reported adequate self-care.
0262% wanted to be thinner, and 44% showed high negative attitudes toward body image.
03Higher OCD and depression scores were linked to more negative body attitudes, while higher negative body attitudes were linked to lower self-care and higher self-efficacy was linked to higher self-care.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs
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What it does not show
The study was cross-sectional, so it cannot show that body dissatisfaction, depression or OCD caused poor self-care, or that addressing them would improve self-care. The sample came from one private bariatric centre and was non-probabilistic, so it may not apply to other populations. Of 180 eligible patients, 102 participated, and the surgeon contacted patients, which may introduce selection bias. The sample was 90.2% women, so sex effects could not be clearly established. Questionnaire scores were not clinical diagnoses of depression or OCD. The model explained only 22.8% of self-care variance, so many other factors are unaccounted for. Surgical techniques and time since surgery varied widely, and the authors note these can influence outcomes.
The easy way to misread this
Do not read the model as proof that reducing body dissatisfaction or mood symptoms will improve self-care. This was a cross-sectional study of questionnaire scores, so it shows associations at one time point, not treatment effects.