Select Dietary Components Are Associated With Better Global Cognition in U.S. Adults With HIV: A Pilot Study.
Pariya L Fazeli, Christine Horvat Davey, Allison R Webel and 7 others
PMID 39137410WHAT IT FOUND
Higher calorie intake and some fats, minerals, and amino acids tracked with better global cognition in adults with HIV, but overall diet quality did not.
This pilot association cannot show diet changes cognition.
Key findings
01In adults with HIV, 42% met criteria for cognitive impairment, and no participant reached a Healthy Eating Index score of 80.
02Greater total daily calories and higher saturated fat intake were reported as associated with better global cognition.
03The overall Healthy Eating Index score was not associated with global cognition.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs
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What it does not show
The study was cross-sectional, so it cannot show that diet changes cognition. It was a pilot analysis, and the supplied text does not report the number of participants analysed. The sample had poor diet quality and no one reached a Healthy Eating Index score of 80, limiting the range available to test associations. The sample was predominantly Black and male and came from the Midwest and South, so results may not generalise. Many correlations were tested, and only 9 of 36 p-values remained significant after correction.
Declared interests
The authors reported no conflicts of interest.
The easy way to misread this
Do not conclude that eating more calories or saturated fat improves cognition. This was a cross-sectional pilot analysis, not a diet intervention, and the overall diet quality score was not associated with cognition.