Relationship of Sleep Duration and Regularity with Dietary Intake Among Preschool-Aged Children with Obesity from Low-Income Families.
Megan E Petrov, Kiley B Vander Wyst, Corrie M Whisner and 5 others
PMID 28106613WHAT IT FOUND
Preschoolers with obesity: short weekday sleep under 11 hours was not associated with higher total calories, but was associated with more fat and less carbohydrate as a share of intake.
Bigger weekday-to-weekend sleep shifts were associated with higher total calories, mainly fat and protein.
Key findings
01Children with short sleep duration on weekdays consumed 37% of daily calories from fat and 47% from carbohydrate, compared with 28% and 58% for children with adequate sleep duration.
02Each 1-hour increase in sleep duration shift from weekdays to weekends, meaning more sleep on weekends, was associated with 381.1 kcal higher total intake, 16.5g more total fat, 13.7g more total protein, 10.1g more animal protein, 4.8g more saturated fat, and 6.6g more monounsaturated fat.
03Each 15-minute increase in social jetlag, a weekday-to-weekend delay in mid-sleep time, was associated with 126.7 kcal higher total intake, 6.7g more total fat, 2.4g more saturated fat, and 2.1g more monounsaturated fat.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they found
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What it does not show
The study was cross-sectional, so it cannot show that sleep duration or sleep timing caused differences in diet. Only 51 children were analysed, so the findings are uncertain and may not apply to other groups. Sleep was reported by mothers using a screening tool, not measured with objective sleep monitoring. Sleep and diet were not assessed on the same days, so day-to-day relationships could not be established. Daytime naps were not assessed, which could change the sleep duration estimates. Meal and snack timing, quantity, and duration were not collected. Seasonality and other time-related factors were not considered.
The easy way to misread this
Do not conclude that longer sleep will improve diet. This study measured sleep and diet at baseline and cannot show cause. The associations were mostly with irregular sleep timing rather than shorter sleep.