Proprioceptive change impairs balance control in older patients with low back pain.
Tadashi Ito, Yoshihito Sakai, Kazunori Yamazaki and 4 others
PMID 29184289WHAT IT FOUND
Older adults with chronic low back pain relied more on trunk sensation than leg sensation during high-frequency vibration, and had lower proportion of a deep trunk muscle and greater disability.
These differences were associated with low back pain, not proof of cause.
Key findings
01During 240-Hz vibration, older adults with low back pain showed lower relative leg-versus-trunk proprioceptive weighting (44.7% versus 56.1% in controls), indicating greater reliance on trunk sensation.
02After adjustment, 240-Hz relative proprioceptive weighting was independently associated with low back pain (odds ratio 0.98, 95% confidence interval 0.97 to 0.99), and age was also associated (odds ratio 1.14, 95% confidence interval 1.05 to 1.25).
03Older adults with low back pain had lower L4/5 lumbar multifidus cross-sectional area ratio (31.1% versus 35.0%) and higher Roland-Morris disability scores (12.1 versus 9.6) than controls.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for PTs
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What it does not show
The study compared groups at one time, so it cannot show that proprioceptive change caused low back pain or balance problems. Participants were older adults with spinal stenosis or spondylitis deformans seeking conservative treatment, so results may not apply to younger people, community-dwelling older adults, or those with severe disability. Controls were inpatients without disabling low back pain, not necessarily healthy community controls, and the low back pain group was older on average. The balance outcome was a research measure derived from center-of-pressure displacement on a Wii board during vibration; its clinical meaning and link to falls are not established. The authors state it remains unclear whether the proprioceptive differences were due to reduced peripheral input in low back pain. No treatment was tested, so the paper cannot support a therapy recommendation.
Declared interests
The authors declared no conflicts of interest. No funding source is stated in the supplied text.
The easy way to misread this
Do not conclude that impaired proprioception causes low back pain or that balance training can correct it. This was a cross-sectional comparison, and it only shows that a trunk-reliance measure was associated with low back pain.