Prevalence and Correlates of Cardiovascular, Pulmonary, Cancer, and Mental Health Comorbidities Among Adults With HIV Who Smoke.
Jessica L Elf, Kimberly Horn, Lorien Abroms and 11 others
PMID 37378565WHAT IT FOUND
Over half of adults with HIV who smoke have a smoking-related comorbidity.
Mental health conditions are the most common, affecting 49%. This high burden means clinicians must address both the HIV and the comorbidity together when offering cessation support.
Key findings
0154% of adults with HIV who smoke had at least one smoking-related comorbidity, with mental health conditions being the most prevalent at 49%.
02Older age was strongly associated with cardiovascular, pulmonary, or cancer comorbidities, with risk increasing significantly for those over 60.
03Unstable housing was associated with an increased risk for both mental health and cardiovascular, pulmonary, or cancer comorbidities.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs
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What it does not show
Smoking status was based on medical records without biochemical validation, so some non-smokers may have been misclassified if they did not disclose their use. The study did not distinguish between different types of tobacco use, such as vaping or chewing, nor did it measure the amount or duration of smoking. Comorbidities were grouped broadly; for example, a patient with two cardiovascular conditions was counted as having only one comorbidity category. The data come from an urban cohort in Washington, D.C., which may not reflect the experiences of people with HIV in rural areas or other regions.
Declared interests
The authors report no real or perceived vested interests related to this article.
The easy way to misread this
Do not assume this study proves that treating comorbidities improves smoking cessation outcomes. It is an observational analysis of prevalence and associations, not a trial testing an intervention.