Prediction of Smoking Abstinence in Women Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.
Sun S Kim, Mary E Cooley, Sang A Lee and 1 others
PMID 31977840WHAT IT FOUND
HIV-tailored smoking cessation support was associated with less craving and more likely to be abstinent at 3 months in 69 women living with HIV.
Higher craving predicted lower abstinence, but this small analysis of pilot trials is preliminary.
Key findings
01Participants in the HIV-tailored arm were 2.4 times more likely to achieve short-term smoking abstinence, but the arms also involved counseling and nicotine patch support, so the HIV-tailored component alone cannot be isolated.
02Each one-unit increase in craving was associated with 38% lower likelihood of smoking abstinence at 3-month follow-up.
03Thirty-one participants reported 7-day abstinence, but only 22 were biochemically verified.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs
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What it does not show
The analysis included only 69 women from two pilot trials, so it is too small to confirm treatment effects. Seventeen percent of data were missing and were excluded from the analysis. The paper did not describe how participants were randomly assigned or how many original participants were lost to follow-up. Women who did not provide at least two weekly withdrawal assessments were not analyzed, so the sample may not represent all women in the trials. Self-reported abstinence was more common than biochemically verified abstinence: 31 women reported abstinence, but only 22 were verified. Because participants also received counseling and nicotine patch support, the study cannot show that the HIV-tailored content alone caused the difference. Depression was measured with two different scales and then split into yes or no groups, which may have weakened detection of depression effects. The study did not collect menstrual cycle, menopause, or hormone therapy information, which can affect withdrawal symptoms.
The easy way to misread this
Do not conclude that the HIV-tailored component alone caused abstinence, because participants also received counseling and nicotine patch support, and the study was a small secondary analysis of pilot trials.