Pharmacy Resident Performed Longitudinal Medication Adherence Assessments in Candidates for Deceased Donor Kidney Transplant.

Single-center retrospective chart review with no control group, so the study cannot show that the medication adherence program caused the reported changes. Candidates were referred by transplant team members, so selection bias is possible. Actual resident time was not documented; estimated hours came from transplant pharmacists' experience and may underestimate resident workload. Documentation templates could be edited, and free-text entries required interpretation by investigators. Listing status 6 months after the last encounter could not separate candidates who were not transplant candidates from those still undergoing evaluation. Medical, surgical, and psychosocial factors affecting listing decisions were not captured. Assignment of candidates to pharmacists versus residents could introduce bias, because one-time assessments and new candidates in 2023-2024 were often handled by pharmacists. KACE often began 89 days after initial transplant evaluation, which may be later than intended. Post-transplant medication adherence and transplant outcomes were not assessed.

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Do not read the increase in medication adherence tool use as proof that KACE improves adherence or transplant listing. The study had no control group, actual resident time was estimated, and listing status could not separate candidates still being evaluated from those not listed.