Perceived Risk of Heart Attack and Type 2 Diabetes in Hispanic Adults With Overweight and Obesity.
Yoshimi Fukuoka, Yoo Jung Oh
PMID 34740229WHAT IT FOUND
46.4% of Hispanic adults with overweight/obesity saw their heart attack risk as lower than others. 29.0% saw diabetes risk as lower.
Older age, lower BMI and more walking were linked to seeing heart attack risk as lower.
Key findings
0146.4% of participants perceived their heart attack risk as lower than others of the same age and sex, and 29.0% perceived their type 2 diabetes risk as lower.
02In the heart attack analysis adjusted for other factors, each 5-year age increase was associated with a 57.3% higher likelihood of perceiving lower risk; each 1 kg/m² BMI increase with a 22.6% lower likelihood; each 10-minute walking increase with a 41.7% higher likelihood.
03In the diabetes analysis adjusted for other factors, people with a family history of heart attack were more likely to perceive lower diabetes risk; each 1 kg/m² BMI increase was associated with a 26.7% lower likelihood of perceiving lower risk, and each 1-unit dietary fat score increase with a 16.2% lower likelihood.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs
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What it does not show
The sample was small, with 69 participants analyzed, so the estimates are variable. This was a one-time baseline analysis, so it cannot show that age, BMI, walking, diet, or family history caused the perceptions. Participants were Hispanic adults who were highly motivated to join a weight loss and diabetes prevention trial; 50 (72.5%) had a bachelor's or advanced degree and the mean age was 43.8 years, so findings may not apply to less educated or older Hispanic adults. Family history and some health information were self-reported, which can introduce recall bias. Heart attack and diabetes risk were measured with single questions. The family history estimate was very uncertain: the adjusted odds ratio was 29.707, and the 95% confidence interval ranged from 1.864 to 473.560.
Declared interests
All authors declared no conflicts of interest. The paper is listed as supported by NIH extramural and non-U.S. government research.
The easy way to misread this
Do not conclude that correcting these risk perceptions will improve heart attack or diabetes outcomes. The study measured perception once in 69 adults and did not test education or behavior change.