OTQualitativeAustralian occupational therapy journal2026

Occupational therapists' experiences in Australia's primary mental health funding scheme: Navigating complexity in a constrained system.

Arabella Hely, Claire Pearce

PMID 42383808

WHAT IT FOUND

Occupational therapists described clients far more complex than this scheme's 10-session, psychology-first design allows for.

They adapted psychological strategies through an occupational lens, absorbed unpaid advocacy work, and worked across several funding streams to stay viable.

Key findings

01Participants described their clients as having chronic and complex mental health needs, often compounded by family violence, unstable housing and money problems. They saw this as misaligned with a scheme they felt was built around short-term, more straightforward presentations.

02Referrals commonly defaulted to psychologists, and participants said GPs often did not know occupational therapists could deliver the service. Working only through focused psychological strategies narrowed their scope, although many adapted those techniques to focus on function, participation and everyday life.

03The yearly limit of 10 subsidised sessions and a lower rebate pushed participants to stretch sessions, prioritise crisis work, take on advocacy that was not funded, and run several funding schemes at once to keep their practices afloat.

STILL TO COME

How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for OTs

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What it does not show

Thirteen therapists took part, all working under one Australian funding scheme, so their accounts may not match practice conditions in other systems or countries. Participants' work settings, locations and years of experience were deliberately not described in order to protect their anonymity, so you cannot tell which parts of the workforce are represented. The study did not include GPs or other referrers, so their side of why referrals go where they go is missing. Only therapists' own accounts were collected. No client outcomes, service data or measures of care quality were gathered. The authors state that some practice areas and settings may be over-represented or under-represented in the dataset.

Declared interests

The paper does not report who funded or sponsored the work. The only declaration given is that Author Claire Pearce, an academic occupational therapist who supervised the research, sits on the editorial board of the Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, the journal that published the study. The authors also declare that Microsoft Copilot was used to turn the paper's summary into a plain language statement, which they then checked and refined.

The easy way to misread this

Do not read this as evidence that occupational therapy delivered under Better Access works. It reports 13 therapists describing their own practice and the funding pressures around it, with no client outcomes measured and nothing compared against another approach. It also cannot tell you that the low rebate, the session cap or the psychology-first design caused any particular client result. Those are participants' accounts of how the system shapes the care they can give.

Summarised by AI from the full paper, without a clinician reviewing it. Check it against the source before it changes what you do. Read it on PubMed →