OTQualitativeScandinavian journal of occupational therapy2026

Occupational Therapists as Social Prescribers: Insights from Swedish Primary Care.

Emilia W E Viklund, Frida Degerstedt, Frida Jonsson and 2 others

PMID 42461488

WHAT IT FOUND

Ten Swedish OTs say social prescribing for lonely older adults fits their assessment skills well, but finding local activities, getting time in primary care, and addressing participation barriers are the real bottlenecks.

The model needs a dedicated coordinator for the activity landscape.

Key findings

01Occupational therapists perceive the social prescribing model as well aligned with their core competencies, particularly their ability to assess individual needs and consider the activity, the person, and the environment together when tailoring a prescription.

02Finding and keeping track of available local social activities was the most consistently reported practical barrier, especially in rural areas where options were scarce; informants recommended a dedicated coordinator to maintain an up-to-date activity list so OTs could focus on the individual assessment.

03Informants stressed that a prescription naming a social activity is not enough; it must also include strategies to remove barriers to participation (transport, anxiety, social phobia), but they cautioned that the role must stay within a manageable scope or the prescriber will be overwhelmed.

STILL TO COME

How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for OTs

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What it does not show

All 10 informants were female, which may limit the range of perspectives captured. Most informants had limited experience with the social prescribing model at the time of interview, so their views may shift as they gain familiarity. The study captures one country's model (Sweden) and one specific implementation (SPiS); transferability to other health systems is uncertain. No outcome data are reported on whether loneliness was actually reduced in the patients these OTs prescribed for; the study is about the prescribers' experience, not the patients' outcomes. Digital interviews may have limited the depth of interaction compared with in-person conversations. Social-desirability bias is possible: informants were interviewed by a researcher from the same project they were participating in.

Declared interests

Funded by Umeå University. No industry funding, no author disclosures of competing interests, and no statement that a sponsor designed the study or wrote the manuscript.

The easy way to misread this

Do not read this paper as evidence that social prescribing reduces loneliness in older adults. It is a qualitative study of ten occupational therapists' experiences of taking on the prescriber role; no patient outcomes (loneliness scores, participation rates, wellbeing measures) are reported. The SPiS project is explicitly a feasibility study, and the findings describe what the prescribers found easy or hard, not whether the intervention worked for the people it was meant to help.

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