Narrative ReviewJournal of pediatric rehabilitation medicine2026

Neuropharmacology in pediatric traumatic brain injury.

Laura E Black, Nancy Yeh, Emily Hillaker and 2 others

PMID 41574881

WHAT IT FOUND

Medication choices for pediatric TBI complications are largely extrapolated from adult studies.

Evidence in children is limited to case series and small trials. Treatment must account for rapid developmental changes and risks like sedation or withdrawal.

Key findings

01Evidence for pharmacologic management of pediatric TBI sequelae is limited and often extrapolated from adult studies.

02Sedating medications such as benzodiazepines and opioids should be weaned to facilitate arousal, but this carries risks of withdrawal and uncovering paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity.

03First-generation antipsychotics like haloperidol are generally avoided in brain injury due to potential interference with cognition and dopamine transmission.

STILL TO COME

How it was doneWhat they found

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What it does not show

The paper is a narrative review, not a systematic review or meta-analysis, so it does not provide a ranked hierarchy of evidence. Most cited evidence is from adult populations or small pediatric case series, limiting generalizability to broader pediatric groups. The review does not report new primary data or outcomes from a controlled trial.

Declared interests

The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest and received no financial support for the research, authorship, or publication of this article.

The easy way to misread this

Do not interpret this review as establishing effective pediatric protocols. The authors state that evidence is limited and often extrapolated from adult studies, and that more research is needed to determine efficacy in children.

Summarised by AI from the full paper, without a clinician reviewing it. Check it against the source before it changes what you do. Read it on PubMed →


The study

Certainty of evidence
Low

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    Cite

    Laura E Black, Nancy Yeh, Emily Hillaker, et al. Neuropharmacology in pediatric traumatic brain injury. Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicine. 2026.

    Read the original — we summarise, we never replace the paper.