Missed opportunities in post-total knee arthroplasty rehabilitation in Indonesia: a narrative review of insurance-driven delays in functional recovery.

This is a narrative review, not a systematic review or meta-analysis, so it does not include quantitative pooling of data. The synthesis relies heavily on observational and region-specific studies, which may limit generalizability. There is a lack of national rehabilitation registries in Indonesia, making it difficult to assess the true extent of the problem. The review does not propose direct policy reforms or test specific interventions.

The authors declared no financial support was received for this work.

Do not interpret this as evidence that Indonesian rehabilitation protocols are clinically ineffective due to poor technique. The review argues that the primary failure is systemic, driven by insurance caps and administrative delays that prevent access to evidence-based care, rather than a lack of knowledge about what works.