RCTJournal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation2026

Mind the gap: the temporal discrimination threshold of tactile sensation from implanted peripheral nerve stimulation.

John D Wright, Hamid Charkhkar, Emily L Graczyk

PMID 42001150

WHAT IT FOUND

Higher stimulation intensity and frequency made it easier for two amputees to detect gaps between nerve-stimulated touches.

Lower frequencies felt more pulsatile and were harder to distinguish, which could delay reactions to events like object slippage.

Key findings

01Increasing stimulation intensity reduced the temporal discrimination threshold, meaning gaps between stimuli were easier to detect at higher intensities.

02Lower stimulation frequencies (20 Hz) resulted in significantly higher temporal discrimination thresholds compared to higher frequencies, making gaps harder to detect.

03Temporal discrimination thresholds for pulse trains were lower than for individual pulses, suggesting that longer-duration stimuli are easier to time.

STILL TO COME

How it was doneWhat they found

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What it does not show

The study included only two participants, which limits the generalizability of the findings to the wider population of amputees. The participants had different levels of amputation and different durations since implantation, which may have influenced the results. The study focused on basic perceptual thresholds rather than functional tasks, so it is unclear how these findings translate to real-world prosthesis use.

Declared interests

Funded by the National Institutes of Health and the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. No specific conflicts of interest are declared in the provided text.

The easy way to misread this

Do not assume that these perceptual thresholds directly predict how well a patient will perform functional tasks with a neuroprosthesis, as this was a basic psychophysical study on two individuals, not a clinical trial of device efficacy.

Summarised by AI from the full paper, without a clinician reviewing it. Check it against the source before it changes what you do. Read it on PubMed →


The study

Participants
2
Certainty of evidence
Moderate

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    John D Wright, Hamid Charkhkar, Emily L Graczyk Mind the gap: the temporal discrimination threshold of tactile sensation from implanted peripheral nerve stimulation. Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation. 2026.

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