Looking through racism in the nurse-patient relationship from the lens of culturally congruent care: A scoping review.

This was a scoping review, not a test of interventions, so it maps what was studied rather than showing what works. Only 10 studies were included from 149 records, and the authors said the evidence base was small. Most included studies were qualitative, so they describe experiences and meanings rather than measuring frequency or outcomes. The authors did not assess risk of bias or quality, because they said this is generally not applicable to scoping reviews. Only English publications from 1 January 2009 to 31 October 2021 were searched, so relevant work in other languages or outside that period may be missing. The optional consultation step was omitted because of ethics and the sensitivity of the topic. Included studies varied by country, setting and focus, from primary care to neonatal and home care, so the themes cannot be assumed to apply to every nurse-patient relationship. The review did not report a total number of participants across studies, and some study samples were not stated.

Do not read the patient-centred care, cultural understanding or reporting strategies as proven ways to reduce racism. This scoping review mapped reported experiences and coping strategies. It did not test interventions.