RNSurveyPublic health nursing (Boston, Mass.)2026

Insurance Coverage and Perceived Access to Care Among Rural Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study Using Andersen's Behavioral Model.

Christian Ketel, Lisa C Lindley

PMID 41718652

WHAT IT FOUND

Rural adults with insurance reported better access to needed care than uninsured adults.

This cross-sectional survey cannot show that insurance alone made care available.

Key findings

01In the adjusted model, insured rural adults had increased odds of reporting access to needed care (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.35 to 1.42).

02Employed adults had 0.46 times the odds of perceived access and retired adults 0.68 times the odds compared with unemployed adults.

03Among rural adults, 29.3% reported limited access, 32.6% delayed needed care, and 23.9% missed required care in the past 12 months.

STILL TO COME

How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs

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What it does not show

The analysis used 2012-2013 Connecticut survey data, so it may not reflect current insurance coverage, Medicaid expansion, or rural access conditions. The design was cross-sectional, so it cannot show that insurance caused better perceived access. Perceived access was self-reported and may be shaped by prior healthcare experiences or chronic disease burden. The sample was limited to predominantly rural adults in one state, so it may not apply to other rural populations. Missing data were handled by mean substitution for BMI and listwise deletion for other variables. Listwise deletion may have introduced selection bias. The model's Hosmer-Lemeshow test was significant, although the authors attribute this to the large weighted sample. The paper reports different weighted percentages for insurance coverage in the text and Table 1.

Declared interests

This study did not receive a specific grant, and the authors declared no conflicts of interest. The original Connecticut Health Care Survey was supported by six Connecticut health foundations.

The easy way to misread this

Do not conclude that insurance caused better access or that expanding coverage alone will solve rural access problems. This was a cross-sectional survey of perceived access, and it did not test an insurance or care navigation intervention.

Read it on PubMed →