Impact of Nurse-Led Cardiovascular Risk Assessment and Management Program on 1-Year Outcomes in Patients on Hemodialysis Post Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.
Wanting Zhao, Weiqiu Zhao, Xiaodan Sun
PMID 40619611WHAT IT FOUND
Patients on hemodialysis after PCI who received nurse-led risk management had a greater 1-year reduction in cardiovascular risk and fewer major adverse cardiovascular events than usual care.
The study was retrospective, so this is not proof the program caused benefit.
Key findings
01At one year, nurse-led care was associated with a greater reduction in cardiovascular risk than usual care.
02The overall incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events was lower in the nurse-led group (4.65%) than in the usual care group (14.49%).
03Nurse-led care was associated with lower anxiety and depression scores at one year.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs
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What it does not show
This was a retrospective secondary analysis, and the authors state that potential bias may exist. Patients were not randomly assigned; groups were defined from nursing records after care had occurred. The nurse-led program bundled education, telephone follow-up, diet advice, psychological counselling, and monitoring, so the contribution of any single component cannot be separated. The paper reports several outcomes and does not identify a single primary endpoint. The exact number of patients who benefited from individualized nurse-led care was not reported. The study did not analyze dynamic changes in indicators over time. It was conducted at a single hospital, so results may not apply to other settings. During screening, 43 records were excluded, including nine patients lost to follow-up.
The easy way to misread this
Do not conclude that nurse-led care caused the better outcomes. The groups were formed after the fact from records, not by random assignment, and the program included many components, so other differences in care or patient characteristics could explain the results.