Impact of Collaborative Nursing Care on Health Outcomes of Mental Health Day Hospital Users: A Mixed Methods Study.

The groups were assigned by hospital rather than randomly, so the intervention and control groups may differ in ways that affect outcomes. Baseline scores were not equal: control had a higher total therapeutic relationship score and higher scores in some recovery stages. The follow-up table lists 60 control participants, while the text reports 64 control participants and says none withdrew. The sample was relatively small and limited to three day hospitals in one region, so results may not generalise. Participants had varied mental health diagnoses, which adds variability. The intervention was a bundle of nurse-led interviews, focus groups and many co-designed group activities delivered alongside usual day hospital care; the paper cannot separate the contribution of any single component. The primary recovery outcome was mixed: no significant change in Moratorium and no group difference in Awareness.

The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Do not conclude that nurse-led collaborative care alone caused the improvements. The study was not randomised, the control group started with better therapeutic relationship and some recovery stage scores, and the intervention was given together with usual day hospital care and many co-designed activities.