Health beliefs toward lung cancer screening among Chinese American high-risk smokers: Interviews based on Health Belief Model.
Fang Lei, Wei-Ti Chen, Mary-Lynn Brecht and 2 others
PMID 35891915WHAT IT FOUND
Chinese American high-risk smokers said exercise, diet, good air, and quitting made them low risk, despite smoking.
They feared diagnosis, stigma, cost, and uncertainty about screening CT, but trusted doctors, family, and Chinese social media cues.
Key findings
01Most participants believed their own lung cancer risk was low, citing healthy habits, good air, and quitting.
02Most participants said fear of a lung cancer diagnosis would hinder screening, and all lacked knowledge about low-dose CT screening.
03A doctor's recommendation was important to all participants, and family advice and social media were also important cues.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs
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What it does not show
Only 12 participants were interviewed, and 8 lived in the Los Angeles area, so themes may not represent Chinese American smokers in other places. The sample included 1 female and 11 male participants, so women's views are underrepresented. No screening or education intervention was tested, so the study cannot show what increases screening uptake. Recruitment through Chinese community websites, WeChat, and snowballing may miss smokers who are less connected or less comfortable with screening. Participants may have been influenced by recall and self-reflection, and the primary investigator also conducted, translated, and analyzed the interviews.
Declared interests
Funding came from American Cancer Society, Sigma Theta Tau, and China Scholarship Council. Participant reimbursement was supported by the funding. Authors declared no competing interests.
The easy way to misread this
Do not conclude that this study shows lung cancer screening works or that patient education will increase screening. It describes beliefs from 12 interviews and did not test screening or an intervention.