SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Research for speech-language pathology

Papers a speech-language pathologist can act on — aphasia, dysphagia, developmental language, fluency, voice and augmentative communication — read in full and summarised plainly.

10,216 PAPERS · PAGE 101 OF 205 · NEWEST FIRST

• OTSLPOther2022Subtypes of Aggressive Behavior in Children with Autism in the Context of Emotion Recognition, Hostile Attribution Bias, and Dysfunctional Emotion Regulation.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParent-rated emotional lability predicted verbal and covert aggression, partly through hostile intent bias. It also predicted bullying directly. Physical aggression showed no significant links to these factors. Better emotion recognition unexpectedly associated with more hostile bias.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2022Gastrointestinal concerns in children with autism spectrum disorder: A qualitative study of family experiences.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceParents of children with autism and gut issues often cannot rely on verbal reports of pain. They instead watch for bodily signs like distension or non-verbal behaviors such as leg crossing, irritability, or aggression to detect distress.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2022Dyspnea: a map of Cochrane evidence relevant to rehabilitation for people with post COVID-19 condition.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicinePulmonary rehabilitation and exercise training may improve dyspnea in chronic respiratory conditions, but evidence is low to moderate quality. No direct evidence exists for post-COVID dyspnea. Clinicians must check for post-exertional symptom exacerbation before applying these protocols.
• SLPSurvey2022Access, utilization, and awareness for clinical genetic testing in autism spectrum disorder in Sweden: A survey study.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceFamilies and autistic adults in Sweden reported low use of genetic testing after an autism diagnosis. Many had not been referred, and few believed testing was available.
• SLPOther2023Brief Report: Evaluating the Diagnostic Yield of Commercial Gene Panels in Autism.Journal of autism and developmental disordersCommercial gene panels for autism rarely find a cause. Most detect a genetic variant in fewer than 3% of cases. A negative panel result does not rule out a genetic basis for autism, as the panels miss many relevant genes.
• OTSLPQualitative2023"You Feel Like You Kind of Walk Between the Two Worlds": A Participatory Study Exploring How Technology Can Support Emotion Regulation for Autistic People.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAutistic people and staff want emotion regulation technology that is adaptable, affordable and co-designed. Participants valued consistency and early warning of distress, but flagged ethical concerns about monitoring and a lack of tools for those with higher IQ.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2023The Impact of School Strategies and the Home Environment on Home Learning Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Children With and Without Developmental Disorders.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents of children with developmental disorders rated remote teaching methods as less effective and were less satisfied with school measures than parents of typically developing children. Teacher alignment and child motivation predicted better experiences, but teacher-led methods helped only typically developing children.
• OTSLPCohort2022A prospective study of associations between early fearfulness and perceptual sensitivity and later restricted and repetitive behaviours in infants with typical and elevated likelihood of autism.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceIn infants with and without a family history of autism, higher fearfulness and perceptual sensitivity at 24 months predicted more restricted and repetitive behaviours and social communication difficulties at 36 months. These early temperamental traits were not specific to repetitive behaviours alone.
• OTSLPQualitative2022Facebook Experiences of Users With Traumatic Brain Injury: A Think-Aloud Study.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesEight adults with chronic TBI used Facebook for the same social goals as uninjured peers, but cognitive barriers made the experience frustrating. Information overload, interface changes, and difficulty interpreting tone increased isolation rather than reducing it.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2022Cognitive impairment, anxiety and depression: a map of Cochrane evidence relevant to rehabilitation for people with post COVID-19 condition.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineCochrane reviews show cognitive training, exercise, and memory rehabilitation can help thinking and mood in stroke, cancer, and dementia. Evidence quality is low to very low. These findings apply to other conditions, not directly to post-COVID-19.
• SLPOther2022Defining in Detail and Evaluating Reliability of DSM-5 Criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Among Children.Journal of autism and developmental disordersA detailed guide for mapping specific behaviors to DSM-5 autism criteria helped clinicians reliably agree on diagnoses. Agreement remained high across different sites, sexes, and cognitive levels, reducing bias in how autism is identified from records.
• PTOTSLPPilot2022Identifying Clinically Important Functional Impairments and Rehabilitation Needs in Cancer Survivors and a Pilot Validation of the Cancer Rehabilitation Questionnaire.Journal of rehabilitation medicineMost cancer survivors reported functional impairments, with pain, weakness, and daily activity difficulty being most common. A simple yes/no screening questionnaire detected clinically important physical dysfunction with moderate accuracy, but low willingness to participate in rehabilitation was a major barrier.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Rehabilitation of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke Who Required Assistance Before Hospitalization Contributes to Improvement in Activities of Daily Living: A Nationwide Database Cohort Study.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationStarting rehabilitation early and increasing daily duration improved daily living activities in stroke patients who needed help before admission. This benefit held for those with moderate disability, but early rehabilitation did not improve outcomes for the most severely disabled group.
• PTOTSLPRCT2023Optimized Home Rehabilitation Technology Reduces Upper Extremity Impairment Compared to a Conventional Home Exercise Program: A Randomized, Controlled, Single-Blind Trial in Subacute Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairPatients using a sensor-based home exercise system improved upper limb function more than those using paper instructions. The trial stopped early due to the pandemic with only 25 participants analyzed, so the result is promising but not yet definitive for routine care.
• PTOTSLPCohort2023Hierarchical clustering of prolonged post-concussive symptoms after 12 months: symptom-centric analysis and association with functional impairments.Brain injuryMild sleep and fatigue symptoms were associated with the most functional impairments, including trouble with conversations and appointments. Moderate-to-severe cognitive symptoms were linked to the greatest number of deficits. Screening for sleep issues is a priority even when symptoms are mild.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2023Exemplary post-discharge stroke rehabilitation programs: A multiple case study.Clinical rehabilitationExemplary post-discharge stroke care relies on three pillars: deep clinical knowledge, a respectful personalized relationship, and team commitment. Patients valued providers who treated them like friends, explained stroke impacts clearly, and offered flexible timing rather than rigid intensity.
• OTSLPCohort2023Characterizing Daily-Life Social Interactions in Adolescents and Young Adults with Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Comparison Between Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders and 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAdolescents with autism or 22q11 deletion spend similar time alone as peers, but less with friends and more with family. Those with autism feel judged and lonely in company. Those with 22q11 enjoy interactions but prefer being alone, suggesting different therapy targets.
• PTOTSLPCohort2023The Moderating Role of Motivation in the Real-Time Associations of Fatigue, Cognitive Complaints, and Pain With Depressed Mood Among Stroke Survivors: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationFor stroke survivors, feeling tired, in pain, or mentally slow was linked to feeling depressed in the moment. However, doing activities because they were personally meaningful, rather than out of pressure or obligation, weakened this link. Clinicians should support autonomous motivation.
• SLPPilot2023Parent-Led Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Children with Autism Spectrum Conditions. A Pilot Study.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents of anxious autistic children who completed an 8-session CBT group reported reduced anxiety and family accommodation at 3-month follow-up. With no control group, these gains cannot be separated from natural change or assessment bias.
• PTOTSLPOther2022R2Play development: Fostering user-driven technology that supports return-to-play decision-making following pediatric concussion.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesClinicians rated the new R2Play return-to-play interface as easy to use, scoring 81% on a usability test. Five testers navigated the system without getting stuck, though some initially missed buttons. The tool is a prototype and not yet proven to help patients.
• PTOTSLPRCT2022A Longitudinal RCT of P-ESDM With and Without Parental Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction: Impact on Child Outcomes.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAdding parental mindfulness training to early autism intervention did not improve child outcomes. Children in both groups showed similar decreases in autism severity and skill development, regardless of whether parents received the extra support sessions.
• SLPQualitative2022Exploring potential sources of childhood trauma: A qualitative study with autistic adults and caregivers.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceAutistic adults and caregivers described childhood trauma from bullying, social exclusion, restraint or forced therapy, blocked opportunities, sensory events, and changes they could not predict. The standard trauma checklist did not capture many of these experiences.
• PTOTSLPOther2022Effect of exoskeleton-assisted Body Weight-Supported Treadmill Training on gait function for patients with chronic stroke: a scoping review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationExoskeleton-assisted treadmill training improved walking in 10 of 11 studies, but it was not better than therapist-assisted training. The robot's value appears to be reducing physical burden on therapists while maintaining similar gait gains, not adding superior efficacy.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2022Dysphagia, dysphonia and olfactory disease: a map of Cochrane evidence relevant to rehabilitation for people with post COVID-19 condition.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineNo Cochrane reviews exist for treating voice or smell loss in post-COVID. For swallowing, one review of stroke patients suggests behavioral strategies and TMS may help, but evidence quality is low and does not directly prove these treatments work for post-COVID patients.
• SLPOther2022Friendship quality among autistic and non-autistic (pre-) adolescents: Protective or risk factor for mental health?Autism : the international journal of research and practiceAutistic pre-adolescents reported less positive friendship quality than non-autistic peers, while negative features were similar. They also had more depressive and anxiety symptoms. For the 18 autistic girls, higher positive friendship quality appeared linked to higher anxiety.
• PTOTSLPOther2022Interaction of network and rehabilitation therapy parameters in defining recovery after stroke in a Bilateral Neural Network.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn a computer model of stroke, exploratory movements across a full workspace improved reaching accuracy more than repetitive stereotypic movements. This benefit occurred regardless of whether the healthy arm was restrained or used. The model suggests movement variety, not hand selection, drives recovery.
• SLPQualitative2022A virtuous circle: Stakeholder perspectives of a short-term intensive parent training programme delivered within the context of routine services for autism in China.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceCaregivers valued autism knowledge and hands-on practice but found the 11-week programme too short to build confidence. They requested structured childcare, family training and ongoing support. Practitioners reported high stress and insufficient supervision despite delivering the content with high fidelity.
• SLPOther2023Effects of Parental Involvement in Robot-Assisted Autism Therapy.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParental presence did not significantly change overall child engagement during robot-assisted autism therapy. Subgroup analysis suggested non-verbal children engaged more with parents present, while verbal children spoke less and showed more aggression. The study was too small to confirm these effects.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2023Beyond Friendship: The Spectrum of Social Participation of Autistic Adults.Journal of autism and developmental disordersForty autistic adults described finding belonging through work, neighborhoods, interest groups, support services, and online platforms. Casual encounters and acquaintances mattered as much as close friendships. Clinicians should ask about these varied contexts rather than focusing only on friendship quality.
• SLPRCT2023Parent-Child Interaction Therapy for Children with Disruptive Behaviors and Autism: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Journal of autism and developmental disordersChildren with autism and disruptive behavior showed large reductions in aggression and major gains in parent-child interaction after Parent-Child Interaction Therapy. These benefits occurred regardless of autism severity, medication use, age, or language level, and the therapy reduced parental stress.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2023Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Daily Life: Diverse Experiences for Autistic Adults.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAutistic adults reported higher stress and mixed pandemic impacts. Home life was often positive due to predictability, but social and work life suffered from isolation and routine loss. Telehealth was polarizing: some preferred its low sensory demand, while others found it exhausting and insufficient for complex needs.
• SLPQualitative2022Why young people stop taking their attention deficit hyperactivity disorder medication: A thematic analysis of interviews with young people.Child: care, health and developmentYoung people with ADHD stopped medication when side effects outweighed benefits, or when they believed they had outgrown the condition. Practical barriers like travel costs and moving house also caused unintentional discontinuation.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Successful Community Discharge Among Older Adults With Traumatic Brain Injury Admitted to Inpatient Rehabilitation Facilities.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationMost older adults with traumatic brain injury return home after inpatient rehab. Those living alone before injury were less likely to succeed than those living with others. Higher motor and cognitive scores on admission predicted a better chance of going home.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2022Service Delivery Models for the Management of Pediatric and Adolescent Concussion: A Systematic Review.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationMost concussion studies measure provider habits or costs, not patient recovery. Specialists deliver active exercise and multidisciplinary care, while generalists often lack standardized tools. Telemedicine improves access for rural families but cannot replace in-person neurologic exams.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Factors Associated With Time to Achieve Physical Functional Recovery in Patients With Severe Stroke After Inpatient Rehabilitation: A Retrospective Nationwide Cohort Study in Japan.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationOnly 40.4% of patients with severe stroke achieved physical independence by discharge. Younger age and higher initial motor scores predicted faster recovery. Patients who reached this goal received 10 more minutes of therapy per day than those who did not.
• SLPQualitative2022Pivotal Response Treatment (PRT) - Parent Group Training for Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Qualitative Study on Perspectives of Parents.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents described PRT group training as intensive but worthwhile. They valued sharing experiences with other parents and seeing therapists model techniques. Video recording helped them see their own patterns but caused initial discomfort. Perceived child communication improved, though this was not measured against a control.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Is the Activity Measure for Postacute Care "6-Clicks" Tool Associated With Discharge Destination Postacute Stroke?Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationIn 721 people after ischemic stroke, higher mobility and daily-activity scores near discharge were associated with going home rather than a facility. The same scores did not distinguish inpatient rehab from skilled nursing.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Clarification of Factors Determining Discharge Destination Among Elderly Patients After Stroke With Low Levels of Independence in Activities of Daily Living: A Retrospective Study.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationAmong stroke survivors with severe disability, those who could eat by mouth, had better cognitive scores, and lived with family were more likely to go home. Patients living alone all went to long-term care, regardless of their physical ability.
• OTSLPCohort2022The impact of early stages of COVID-19 on the mental health of autistic adults in the United Kingdom: A longitudinal mixed-methods study.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceAutistic adults' mental health did not worsen overall during early lockdown. Anxiety and stress scores fell on average, but individual reactions varied widely. Loss of routine, uncertainty and reduced support predicted decline, while social contact and leisure activities predicted improvement.
• SLPCohort2023Perceived and Observed Treatment Gains Following PEERS: A Preliminary Study with Latinx Adolescents with ASD.Journal of autism and developmental disordersTeens reported social knowledge gains, parents reported social skills gains, and both reported more hosted get-togethers after PEERS, but blind observers did not find clear conversational improvement. This is a small pilot, so do not treat it as proof the program works.
• PTOTSLPCohort2023The virtual family conference in stroke rehabilitation: Education, preparation, and transition planning.Clinical rehabilitationCarers reported significantly better stroke knowledge, satisfaction with information, and confidence in transition planning after virtual family conferences. Stress levels also improved in most areas. This was a pre-post study without a control group, so it shows feasibility and perceived benefit, not proof of effectiveness.
• SLPCase-Control2023Gestational Age in Autistic Children and Adolescents: Prevalence and Effects on Autism Phenotype.Journal of autism and developmental disordersNo difference in autistic traits, behaviour or IQ was found across preterm, full-term and post-term autistic children and adolescents. Preterm and post-term birth were more common than in matched controls.
• OTSLPSurvey2023Anxiety and Worries of Individuals with Down Syndrome During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparative Study in the UK.Journal of autism and developmental disordersCaregivers reported that children with Down syndrome had lower anxiety than those with other special needs, but anxiety still rose significantly during the pandemic. Children with Down syndrome worried less about boredom and finances, but more about social approach, compared to peers.
• PTOTSLPRCT2023Comparison of Outcomes of Two Different Corticosteroid Injection Approaches for Primary Frozen Shoulder: A Randomized Controlled Study.Journal of rehabilitation medicineBlind anterior corticosteroid injection for frozen shoulder reduced pain more effectively than posterior injection at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Anterior injection also improved external rotation faster at 4 weeks. Both approaches improved function, but the anterior route offered superior pain relief and quicker recovery of specific movement.
• SLPCase-Control2023Autistic Children Quickly Orient Away from Both Eyes and Mouths During Face Observation.Journal of autism and developmental disordersChildren with autism looked away faster than typically developing children, whether they first looked at the eyes or the mouth. They were not slower to look toward either feature, so looking away may reflect quick disengagement rather than not looking toward the eyes.
• SLPNarrative Review2023Eye Gaze in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review of Neural Evidence for the Eye Avoidance Hypothesis.Journal of autism and developmental disordersReduced eye gaze in autism was more often linked to avoiding over-stimulation than to reduced interest. Directing gaze to eyes changed brain activity in some studies, but no tested therapy.
• SLPOther2023Utilization of a Best Practice Alert (BPA) at Point-of-Care for Recruitment into a US-Based Autism Research Study.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAn electronic alert prompting clinicians to mention an autism study increased recruitment and completion. Patients referred via this alert were more likely to finish the study than those recruited by other methods, with non-white patients showing particularly high completion rates.
• SLPSurvey2023Brief Report: Covid Restrictions had Positive and Negative Impacts on Schooling for Students on the Autism Spectrum.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents of children with autism reported mixed impacts of school closures. While 48% described only negative effects on education, 26% reported positive impacts, including improved mental health and engagement. Remote learning helped some children avoid sensory overload but hindered others due to lack of structure.
• OTSLPQualitative2022Music education contributes to development and personal change in young adults with disabilities.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesYoung adults with intellectual disabilities described a three-year music education as building confidence, friendship and new skills. Teachers and staff reported increased participation and well-being. This describes what participants said about the experience. It does not test whether the programme caused these changes.
• SLPOther2022Preliminary Validation and Feasibility of the Autism Detection in Early Childhood-Virtual (ADEC-V) for Autism Telehealth Evaluations in a Hospital Setting.Journal of autism and developmental disordersA telehealth version of the ADEC screening tool identified autism in toddlers referred for assessment, with the best balance of catching true cases and avoiding false alarms at a score of 14. It should be used alongside a caregiver interview, not as a standalone diagnostic test.