Factors associated with HIV among young people attending Testing and Counseling Centers.
Pedro Augusto Bossonario, Rubia Laine de Paula Andrade-Gonçalves, Rafaele Oliveira Bonfim and 5 others
PMID 42524950WHAT IT FOUND
Young people testing positive for HIV at Brazilian counseling centers were more often men, sex workers, or reporting inconsistent condom use; vaginal sex was associated with lower chance.
These factors can guide risk assessment and prevention counseling.
Key findings
01Men had 5.38 times higher odds of testing positive for HIV than women.
02Sex workers had 31.5 times more chance of HIV infection, and sometimes or never using condoms was associated with 2.43 times more chance.
03Vaginal sex was identified as a protective factor against HIV infection.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs
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What it does not show
The intake form was not validated and may not fit participants' knowledge, risking information bias. Controls were selected from the same STI and HIV testing services as cases, so they may not represent young people who do not attend. No matching variables were indicated for cases and controls, although the sample used a 1 case to 4 controls ratio. The study could not analyze differences in sexual behavior by gender. This case-control design reports associations, not proof that any factor caused HIV.
Declared interests
This work was carried out with support and funding of CAPES, Brazil (Funding Code 001).
The easy way to misread this
Do not conclude that being a man, a sex worker, or using condoms inconsistently caused HIV, or that vaginal sex protects people if they change behavior. This case-control study only reports associations among young people who already attended testing centers, and controls were selected from the same services.