Factors associated to chronic kidney disease in people living with HIV/AIDS.
Priscila Silva Pontes, Antonio Ruffino-Netto, Luciana Kusumota and 3 others
PMID 32696924WHAT IT FOUND
In people living with HIV on antiretrovirals, hypertension and previous use of kidney-toxic HIV drugs were associated with chronic kidney disease; age under 40 was protective.
These associations can guide blood pressure and kidney monitoring.
Key findings
01Hypertension was associated with chronic kidney disease (odds ratio 5.8, p=0.001).
02Previous use of nephrotoxic antiretrovirals was associated with chronic kidney disease (odds ratio 3.3, p=0.028).
03Age below 40 was a protective factor for chronic kidney disease (odds ratio 0.122, p=0.022).
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs
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What it does not show
Only 17 cases were analysed, so the estimates are imprecise and may not generalise beyond this service. Controls were selected by convenience, the first four records after each case, rather than matched on age, sex or other factors. The study relied on retrospective medical records, which had information gaps. Chronic kidney disease was defined only by eGFR below 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 because 24-hour proteinuria and albuminuria-to-creatinine ratio tests were unavailable, so early CKD stages 1 and 2 could be missed. Data came from one specialised care service, so local practice and record-keeping may limit transferability.
The easy way to misread this
Do not read the hypertension odds ratio of 5.8 as proof that treating hypertension prevents chronic kidney disease in people living with HIV. This was a small retrospective case-control study with 17 cases, and no intervention was tested.