RNQualitativeThe Australian journal of rural health2026

Experiences of Breastfeeding Complications in Rural and Regional Victoria: Perspectives From Mothers and Clinicians.

Georgia R Doyle, Eleanor K L Mitchell, Adelle McArdle

PMID 41670066

WHAT IT FOUND

Rural mothers described breastfeeding as harder than expected, with tongue tie, mastitis, supply and latch problems common.

Clinicians reported variable training, and mothers often did not know about urgent local support. This describes experiences, not proof that any service works.

Key findings

01Mothers reported a median of four breastfeeding complications. Tongue tie was the most reported complication at 55%, and other common complications included mastitis at 50%, oversupply at 45%, nipple trauma at 45%, latch problems at 40% and nipple soreness at 40%.

02Clinicians reported limited breastfeeding training and workload pressures, while mothers often did not know that clinics reserved urgent 'day of' breastfeeding appointments or how to access local services.

03Mothers expected breastfeeding to be natural and easy, but described it as hard; clinicians said many mothers had unrealistic expectations.

STILL TO COME

How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs

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What it does not show

All mothers had engaged with services, so mothers who received little or no support may be missing. Clinicians were self-selected for interest in breastfeeding and extra training, so it may not reflect clinicians without that interest. Complications were self-reported by mothers without clinical verification. The study was done in two Victorian shires, so experiences may not transfer to other rural or metropolitan areas. Cultural background, including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander status, was not asked, so priority populations may be underrepresented.

Declared interests

The authors reported no funding and no conflicts of interest.

The easy way to misread this

Do not treat this as evidence that any breastfeeding education, service model or complication treatment improves outcomes. It is a qualitative study of experiences in two rural areas, and the themes describe what mothers and clinicians said, not whether an intervention worked.

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