End-of-Life Care Planning in Diverse Individuals Across Age Groups: A Proposed Conceptual Model of Nursing.
Zahra Rahemi, Ayse Malatyali, Lisa Ann Kirk Wiese and 1 others
PMID 36947814WHAT IT FOUND
End-of-life care preferences varied by age, culture, education, spiritual beliefs, trust, and family role.
The proposed nursing model groups personal, stakeholder, and social factors to guide conversations, documentation, and follow-up.
Key findings
01End-of-life care preferences and planning were associated with age, education, spiritual beliefs, acculturation, trust, and family network.
02Timing and readiness were reported as central challenges to end-of-life conversations.
03The proposed model organizes end-of-life care planning around personal factors, stakeholders, and environmental and social factors.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs
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What it does not show
The paper proposes a conceptual model and does not test whether it improves patient comfort, dignity, autonomy, or family outcomes. The search was limited to English peer-reviewed studies from 2016 to 2022. Most reviewed studies were conducted in the United States, so transfer to other settings is uncertain. The model's definitions and dimensions need further elaboration and testing. Technology, an important part of care, was not adequately addressed.
The easy way to misread this
Do not treat this as evidence that a nurse-led end-of-life care planning model improves patient comfort, dignity, or family outcomes. The paper proposes a model from 12 reviewed studies and states that conceptual models cannot be directly tested.