Does family-centred education improve treatment adherence, glycosylated haemoglobin and blood glucose level in patients with type 1 diabetes? A randomized clinical trial.

Patients were selected by convenience sampling from one diabetes association in a small region of Iran, so results may not apply to other settings. Treatment adherence was measured with a self-report questionnaire, which can be subjective. The follow-up was short; the authors caution that laboratory improvements need long-term rechecking. The education level of active family members was not considered, although it may affect learning. Possible confounders such as personality, culture, economic situation and motivation could still affect learning.

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency. The authors declare no competing interest.

Do not conclude that family-centred education alone significantly reduced fasting glucose compared with routine care. The between-group difference after education was not significant (p = 0.26), and the intervention group also received routine education, care checklists, and follow-up contact, so the contribution of any single component cannot be separated.