Correlates of SARS-CoV-2 anti-RBD IgG antibody titers among persons experiencing homelessness in Los Angeles.
Adeline Nyamathi, Sanghyuk S Shin, Brianna M Doratt and 10 others
PMID 36633567WHAT IT FOUND
Some unvaccinated homeless adults with no known COVID diagnosis had elevated spike antibodies.
That pattern points to undetected infection. Among vaccinated adults, Janssen recipients had lower antibody levels than Moderna recipients, and depression was linked to lower levels.
Key findings
01Five of 15 unvaccinated participants with no prior COVID diagnosis had elevated anti-RBD IgG titers. The paper read this as undiagnosed prior infection.
02Ten of 69 participants had measurable anti-NP IgG titers, consistent with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection.
03Among vaccinated participants, Janssen vaccination was associated with lower anti-RBD IgG titers than Moderna, and depression was independently associated with lower anti-RBD IgG titers.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs
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What it does not show
The study used a convenience sample of homeless adults in one Los Angeles area, so it may not apply to other populations. The reported enrolment count and analysed count differ, so the final sample size is unclear. Participants were excluded when vaccination or immunity status was unknown, which may bias the antibody comparisons. The design is observational and antibody levels were measured once, so it cannot show that vaccine type or depression caused lower antibodies. Time since vaccination varied, and the paper did not clearly control for this in the vaccine-type comparisons. The paper is labelled case-control but also reports cross-sectional aspects, so the design is not straightforward.
The easy way to misread this
Do not conclude that Janssen vaccination or depression caused lower antibody responses. This was an observational study, and antibody differences among vaccinated groups did not reach significance.