Chronic Pain in Adolescents: The Predictive Role of Emotional Intelligence, Self-Esteem and Parenting Style.
Maryam Shaygan, Zainab Karami
PMID 32656277WHAT IT FOUND
In 734 adolescents, chronic pain was associated with lower emotional intelligence and self-esteem and with different parenting styles.
This was a one-time survey, so it does not show that changing these factors would prevent or reduce pain.
Key findings
01Of 734 adolescents, 221 (30.1%) met ICD-11 chronic pain criteria, and headache was the most common pain location (74, 33.7%).
02Healthy adolescents had significantly higher emotional intelligence and self-esteem than adolescents with chronic pain (P<0.001 for both).
03After controlling for demographic variables, emotional intelligence, self-esteem, authoritative parenting style and authoritarian parenting style were significant predictors of chronic pain; permissive parenting style was not.
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What it does not show
Chronic pain was identified by adolescent self-report screening questions, not clinical examination, so response bias may affect classification. The study measured everything at one time, so it cannot show whether emotional intelligence, self-esteem or parenting style caused, resulted from, or simply accompanied chronic pain. It assessed only some psychofamilial factors; other factors not measured may also affect chronic pain. The sample was school adolescents in one city in Iran, and participants were mostly girls (459, 62.5%), so it may not represent adolescents with chronic pain outside that setting. Parenting style was reported by parents, not adolescents, so the adolescent experience of parenting may differ.
Declared interests
No funding or conflict-of-interest declaration is reported in the supplied text.
The easy way to misread this
Do not conclude that improving emotional intelligence, self-esteem, or parenting style will prevent or reduce chronic pain. The study measured these factors at one time in adolescents, not in an intervention, and it cannot show cause and effect.