PTOtherJournal of sport rehabilitation2026

Assessment of Quadriceps Muscle Characteristics in Female Division I Athletes: A Validation Study of Wireless Probes Against Standard Ultrasound Units.

Jessica E Tolzman, Corey D Grozier, Arjun Parmar and 4 others

PMID 40628388

WHAT IT FOUND

Wireless ultrasound muscle thickness matched standard panoramic cross-sectional area well in female athletes, so it is a valid field substitute for muscle size.

Echo intensity agreement was moderate, meaning brightness scores may not transfer between devices.

Key findings

01Muscle thickness measured by wireless probe showed a strong positive association with cross-sectional area measured by standard ultrasound.

02Echo intensity measurements showed only a moderate association between the wireless and standard units.

03Athlete rankings for muscle thickness from the wireless probe correlated strongly with rankings for cross-sectional area from the standard unit.

STILL TO COME

How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for PTs

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What it does not show

The sample was exclusively young, healthy female Division I athletes, so results may not apply to older adults, males, or injured populations. Participants were not asked to rest before scanning, though the authors argue this affects both devices equally. The wireless probe cannot capture panoramic images, so it measures thickness at one point rather than total muscle area. The study did not compare these ultrasound measures to functional outcomes like muscle strength. Differences in auto-gain settings between devices may have contributed to the weaker agreement in echo intensity.

Declared interests

The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

The easy way to misread this

Do not assume wireless echo intensity scores are interchangeable with standard ultrasound scores. The correlation was only moderate, meaning a change in brightness on one device does not reliably reflect the same change on the other.

Summarised by AI from the full paper, without a clinician reviewing it. Check it against the source before it changes what you do. Read it on PubMed →