Assessing the Diagnostic Performance of Triglyceride-Glucose-Based Indices for Early Detection of Metabolic Syndrome in Paediatric Down Syndrome.
Valeria Calcaterra, Lucia Labati, Alessandra Anna Gazzarri and 3 others
PMID 42339555WHAT IT FOUND
In 60 children with Down syndrome, 9 had metabolic syndrome.
A blood index based on fasting triglycerides and glucose detected it as well as HOMA-IR. Adding body measurements did not improve detection.
Key findings
01Metabolic syndrome was found in 9 children with Down syndrome (15%), and no control subjects had it.
02The TyG index had sensitivity 0.667, specificity 0.843 and AUC 0.755; HOMA-IR had sensitivity 0.667, specificity 0.804 and AUC 0.735.
03TyG-WHtR had AUC 0.559, TyG-BMI had AUC 0.493 and TyG-WC had AUC 0.418, with sensitivity between 0.111 and 0.333.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they found
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What it does not show
The study was retrospective, so it cannot show that the indices caused or predicted later metabolic syndrome. Only 9 children with Down syndrome had metabolic syndrome, and the authors said the sample was small, especially when split by sex and pubertal stage. The study could not tell whether insulin resistance was transient or persistent, because it measured children at one time. Diet, physical activity, family history and socioeconomic factors were not available, so they may have influenced the results. Metabolic syndrome criteria were adapted for children and were not validated for Down syndrome, so some cases may have been misclassified. There were no standard paediatric or Down syndrome cut-off values for TyG and related indices, so the results may not apply elsewhere.
Declared interests
The authors reported nothing to report for funding and declared no conflicts of interest.
The easy way to misread this
Do not conclude that the TyG index is a validated screening test for metabolic syndrome in children with Down syndrome. The study was retrospective, used no standard TyG cut-offs, and had only 9 metabolic syndrome cases.