A qualitative literature review of how hearing codas navigate deafness stigma.

This is a narrative review of qualitative literature, not a systematic review, so the sources were selected partly to build a conceptual framework. The included studies varied by country, age, family language, and study design, so the themes are not uniform across all hearing children of deaf adults. The review includes books as theoretical exceptions, so not all sources are empirical qualitative studies. It describes lived experience, not treatment effects, so it cannot show whether any therapy, family service, or school support works. The authors note that empirical Coda studies in the United Kingdom and Ireland are scarce, so practice guidance may not transfer to those settings.

The paper reports funding from the SFI-IRC Pathway Program. No other conflicts of interest are stated.

Do not read this review as evidence that speech therapy or family support changes Coda outcomes. It reports themes from qualitative studies, so it can guide assessment and communication, but it does not test whether any intervention helps.